Study On The Relationship Between The Spatial Layout Of Traditional Village In Southern Hunan And The Wind-heat Environment

In the long historical development process of Chinese traditional villages,there are ecological thoughts of harmonious coexistence between man and nature,which reflects the ability of traditional villages to adapt to natural climate changes.Climate factors such as temperature,humidity,wind speed,wind direction and sunlight determine the unique style of local traditional buildings.The combined effect of traditional villages and the surrounding natural environment creates specific microclimate conditions and unique architectural forms.Under the background that urbanization has led to the increasingly prominent heat island effect,research on the wind and heat environment of traditional villages can provide inspiration for rural revitalization and the construction of new urbanization.The southern Hunan region is in a climate zone with hot summer and cold winter,and traditional villages have distinct regional characteristics.This paper takes Zhongtian Village in Hengyang City as the research object,selects the actual measurement and collects meteorological data at different spatial layout element levels during the hottest period of summer,uses the research method of CFD technology to visualize the summer airflow organization form and temperature distribution law,according to the wind and heat environment The evaluation standard comprehensively analyzes the overall characteristics of the summer monsoon environment and thermal environment in Zhongtian Village;on this basis,the spatial layout characteristic index factors are constructed,and the multiple linear regression analysis method is used to analyze the relationship between the village spatial layout and the wind-heat environment,and proposes specific to the village Corresponding optimization design method for local bad wind and heat environment.The results are as follows:(1)Analyze the overall characteristics of the typical daily wind and heat environment in Zhongtian Village in summer through field tests and numerical simulations.The summer monsoon environment in Zhongtian Village presents a strong randomness and insignificant regularity.The wind environment is greatly affected by the architectural form.The wind speed inside the dense ancient building group is lower than that in the hard square area,and the air flow capacity in the roadway between the buildings Relatively weak,the overall quiet wind area of the village is relatively large,with an average wind speed of0.6 m/s.The summer thermal environment of Zhongtian Village presents a strong regularity.The daily temperature change curve is opposite to the daily humidity change curve.The maximum air temperature appears between 14:00 and 16:00,and the maximum air temperature can reach39.8?.(2)The analysis of the correlation between the village spatial layout and the wind-heat environment shows that different village spatial characteristics have different impacts on the wind-heat environment.Building height-to-width ratio,building orientation,and open space have a significant impact on the wind environment.The order of influence should be: building height-to-width ratio>building orientation>open space ratio.In the analysis of the spatial layout that affects the thermal environment,vegetation coverage factors have a significant impact on the thermal environment.(3)Establish physical models of H/D values of different building height-to-width ratios,physical models parallel to the prevailing wind direction(ENE)of Zhongtian Village in summer or within plus or minus 30°,and physical models of various forms of open space The model simulates and compares the summer monsoon environment optimization design method of Zhongtian Village.It is concluded that when the height-to-width ratio of the building is increased,the building orientation is parallel to the prevailing summer wind direction(ENE),the open space inside the building has no buildings and the boundary has openings,the local area of Zhongtian Village The wind environment comfort is improved;the summer thermal environment optimization design simulation of Zhongtian Village shows that when there are vegetation around the site to guide wind,the roadway space is covered by vegetation,and the open space is covered by vegetation,the local thermal environment comfort of Zhongtian Village is improved.The above research results reveal the relationship between the spatial layout of the traditional villages in southern Shonan and the wind-heat environment.By optimizing the spatial layout,the outdoor residential wind environment and thermal comfort of the village can be improved,which will help protect and transform traditional villages in southern Shonan as well as beautiful villages in the future.The construction provides a scientific basis.