Discussion On The Development And Construction Of National Geoparks Under The Natural Protected Area System

In order to improve the management ability of all kinds of natural protected areas,China will reorganize the nature reserve system and effectively safeguard the national ecological security.In 2019,China proposed a major initiative to establish a system of protected natural areas with national parks as the mainstay.As one of the reform objects,how to develop national geoparks in the changing environment has become an urgent problem.This paper puts forward four development directions of national geoparks based on the research of national policies and related literature.That is to integrate into the National Park,upgrade to the Global Geopark,merge into other types of National Natural Parks,and retain the identity of National Geopark.According to the project team’s many years of experience in Geopark declaration and my field investigation,This paper discusses how to optimize the construction and promote the development of national geoparks after the reform from three aspects: the research of geological relics,the construction of protection system and the development of scientific research and popular science.Classification and evaluation studies are the first step in the conservation and development of any resource.This paper summarizes the main classification schemes of geological relics.Combined with the most widely accepted classification scheme,the geological relics of Dunhuang Yadan National Geopark are divided into 3 categories,4 categories and 6 sub categories.In addition,This paper also summarizes the current evaluation methods,and expounds how to evaluate the grade of geological relics through the analytic hierarchy process,which is widely used in quantitative evaluation.The construction of the protection system is discussed from four aspects: management system,operation mode,construction of laws and regulations,and visitor management.Based on the analysis of the problems existing in the current management system,combined with the results of the deepening reform of the State Council and the experience of foreign mature management system construction,the paper puts forward the National Geopark hierarchical unified management system in the new period;By summarizing and analyzing the characteristics of all the current operation modes of national geoparks,This paper puts forward the development strategy of implementing market-oriented operation and attaching importance to enterprise oriented operation to solve the current problems;In the face of the lack of legislation on national geoparks,this paper proposes to establish all kinds of mature legal systems at all levels by referring to the construction mode of National Park legal system at home and abroad;Through the analysis of the construction experience of foreign national park tourist management system,this paper puts forward suggestions on the construction of National Geopark tourist management system from three aspects of tourist capacity,tourist management policy and tourist experience quality,and studies the environmental capacity of Dunhuang National Geopark,so as to provide reference for the control of park tourist capacity.Finally,this paper proposes a sustainable development model of National Geopark driven by scientific research.Through the transformation of scientific research achievements to improve the quality of science popularization,this paper provides reference for the future development of geoscience tourism from two aspects of how to improve the interpretation system and carry out diversified science popularization activities.