Study On Drought And Snow Disaster In Pastoral Area Of Inner Mongolia

All kinds of disaster events occur frequently,and show a continuous overlapping evolution trend,which causes more harm and far-reaching impact than a single disaster event.In Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area,drought and snow disaster are the most common and widely distributed typical meteorological disasters.These two kinds of meteorological disasters have coupling effect in time and space,and their consequences will seriously affect the economic and social development.In the past,there were few researches on the combination of the two kinds of disasters in the study of drought and snow disaster in Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area,and most of them focused on single disaster.Therefore,based on the disaster data,drought snow data and socio-economic data,taking Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area as the research area and disaster system theory,the coupling characteristics of social and natural attributes of drought and snow disaster in time and space are studied,and the corresponding suggestions for disaster reduction and prevention in pastoral area are put forward.The main conclusions are as follows(1)The interannual variation of drought and snow losses in pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia presents the same periodicity,and the continuous coupling characteristics of snow disasters occur within 1-2 years of drought.The results show that the drought and snow disasters overlap in Inner Mongolia Pastoral Areas,and the disaster amplification areas are mainly concentrated in the northern part of Xilinguole League;the severe drought disaster areas are in the Western Pastoral Areas;the severe snow disaster areas complement the severe drought disaster areas,and are distributed in the eastern pastoral areas.(2)The pastoral area of Inner Mongolia is in a state of light drought,and the snow cover rate fluctuates between 10% and 36%.In addition to the serious drought in the southeast pastoral banner,the distribution of drought intensity has obvious horizontal zonal distribution,and the drought intensity increases gradually from east to west.There are two main snow cover centers in the north of Xilinguole League and the west of Hulunbuir city;the snow cover rate in the middle is slightly lower than that in the middle,but higher than that in the South and the West;the snow cover rate in the South and the west is the lowest.There is a significant positive correlation between drought intensity and drought disaster in Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area,and there is a significant positive correlation between snow cover and snow disaster.The drought and snow cover intensity in the same period are the main factors causing the continuous occurrence of drought and snow disaster in a year.(3)The vulnerability of disaster bearing body in Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area fluctuates with time and shows an upward trend.The areas with high vulnerability of disaster bearing bodies are mainly distributed in the central and eastern part of Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area,while the vulnerability of disaster bearing bodies in other areas is relatively low.In the pastoral area of Inner Mongolia,the snow disaster occurred more frequently after the drought in the pastoral area with higher vulnerability.In the long time series,the loss of drought and snow disaster increases with the increase of vulnerability of disaster bearing body.(4)The ability of disaster prevention and reduction in pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia showed a significant upward trend.The areas with high ability of disaster prevention and reduction are mainly distributed in the southwest,Southeast and northeast of Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area,while the other areas have low ability of disaster prevention and reduction.In the long time series,with the increase of the ability of disaster prevention and reduction,the loss of drought and snow disaster presents a downward trend.(5)The overlapping type area of drought and snow disaster in Inner Mongolia Pastoral Area is the central region,the main type area of drought disaster is the western region,and the main type area of snow disaster is the eastern region.In the overlapping area of drought and snow disaster,we should improve the meteorological platform,make use of modern technology to improve the monitoring ability of drought and snow disaster,strengthen the grassland,and reserve good forage for disaster prevention and mitigation.It is necessary to improve the water conservancy facilities and equipment before the drought,and all departments and meteorological departments should cooperate in disaster prevention and mitigation.In order to achieve the goal of disaster prevention and reduction economically and effectively,it is necessary to speed up the conversion of livestock and improve the commodity rate of animal husbandry.