Studt On Climate Adaptability Of Traditional Residential Buildings In The Luzhong Mountain Area

Traditional residential buildings are the products of the ancient working people of our country adapting to nature and adapting to the climate,and their ecological and energy-saving nature is worthy of our deep study.At the current time,to explore the climate adaptability of traditional residential buildings,on the one hand,it helps us to learn from its ecological,energy-saving design techniques and construction technology,design eco-energy-saving buildings;On the other hand,it contributes to the reuse of traditional homes and gives them new vitality.Lu Zhong Mountain area is located in the middle of Shandong Province,because of its unique geographical site,the development of traditional residential areas is late,well preserved,with high research value.To study its climate adaptability is to analyze the traditional residential buildings in the Lu Zhong Mountain aera from another angle,enrich the research depth of the traditional buildings in the Lu Zhong Mountain area,and fill the gaps in its research.This article is mainly composed of three parts.The first part uses the literature search method to analyze the basic theory of climate adaptation and the representative of the classics: the basic theory includes the theory of bio-climate design,the theory of form following climate design,and the theory of thermal comfort and thermal adaptation.Domestic examples include the Northern Shaanxi Caves and the Aywang in Xinjiang in the same climate zone as the Lu Zhong Mountain area,and the foreign classics include Korean houses and Japanese houses at the same latitude as China.In addition,there is an introduction to the unique small climate in the Lu Zhong Mountain area.The second part uses the field research method to analyze the climate adaptability of traditional residential buildings in the Lu Zhong Mountain area,from macro to micro,from village level to detailed structure,and to carry out qualitative analysis of its climate adaptability.In terms of village level,the site is mostly backed by mountain water,the layout form is indented or outward convex;In terms of courtyard space,the ratio of courtyard space to homestead is between 30% and 50%,basically the north-south axis is longer than the east-west axis,the choice of shadow wall and courtyard green plant species is also an adaptation to its climate;In terms of monosumed buildings,the building is facing south-east,the building space is mostly square or long square,net height and low,deep and narrow,the form of the building has five types,namely,mountain stone houses,round stone houses,hoarding roofs,lime blank houses and kiln houses;In terms of enclosing structure,mainly from the wall,roof,doors and windows,etc.are expounded,the wall is mainly stone walls,earth walls and brick walls,the roof for the double-sided hard hillside roof and hoarding roof,doors and windows are relatively simple,the most characteristic is the north side open small windows or not open windows;In terms of detailed structure,it is mainly expounded from the aspects of fire and wall,which is a unique product adapted to the northern climate.The third part analyzes the thermal environment of the traditional buildings in Lu Zhong Mountain area from the quantitative point of view.In the early stage,the temperature and humidity of traditional residences were measured through field research.The average temperature of C in traditional residential rooms was measured to be the highest,with a value of 12.1 degrees C.The average temperature of room A is the lowest,with a value of 8.6 degrees C,and the difference between the two temperatures is 3.5 degrees C.Room A has the highest relative humidity,with a value of 71%;Room B has the lowest relative humidity,with a value of 63%,and a difference of 8% between the two.The suitable temperature of the human body is 18 degrees C to 25 degrees C,humidity is 30% to 50%,we can see that the indoor thermal environment of traditional residential homes is not ideal,need further optimization.The simulation software of Design Builder is used to build a residential model and to simulate for optimizating.The operating temperature of the simulation is 12 to 15 degrees C,and the relative humidity is 8% to 30%.Later,through the optimization of the building model enclosing structure and the addition of sunshine room and other measures,using Design Builder simulation software to further simulate,the optimized operating temperature of 15 degrees C to 24 degrees C,relative humidity of 12% to 50%.From the simulation results,it can be seen that its value has been improved,indoor thermal environment has also been improved.In summary,this paper studies the climate adaptability of traditional residential buildings in the Lu Zhong Mountain area,uses the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods,discusses the climate adaptability of traditional residential buildings and the optimization measures of indoor thermal environment,gives new enlightenment to the design of eco-energy-saving buildings,and also provides ideas for the improvement of the thermal environment in traditional residential buildings.