Dyeing Research Of Wool Fiber With Maternal Disperse Dye In Supercritical Carbon Dioxide

With the continuous improvement of people's demand for the wearing comfort,wool fiber products owning many excellent characteristics have become one of the most popular textile and clothing in recent years.Large amounts of water resources is consumed in traditional dyeing method of wool fiber,casusing serious water pollution,which is inconsistent with the modern idea of water-saving water and environmental protection.Supercritical CO₂ fluid technology,as a new dyeing medium instead of water,do not need water to swell fiber,and also do not need water to dissolve dyes.Furthermore,it is a green and environmentally friendly dyeing technology without rinsing and drying,meeting the requirement of clean production.Therefore,dyeing of wool fibers was carried out by using supercritical CO₂ dyeing technology.Moreover,dyeing mechanism of wool fibers was investigated in supercritical CO₂.Disperse red 153 and disperse blue 148,belonging to thiazole dyes,were choosed from six dyes affiliated with azo dyes,thiazole dyes,anthraquinone/amide dyes as well as fluorescence dyes,to dye wool fibers in supercritical CO₂ on the basis of K/S value and fixation rate.In this paper,the effects of flow rate,dye size,temperature,pressure as well as time on the dyeing results of wool fibers were discussed in supercritical CO₂.The technological conditions for wool fibers dyeing with disperse dyes in supercritical CO₂fluid were determined by single factor experiment method.The dyeing process suitable for disperse red 153 was obtained at the fluid flow rate20 g/min,dye particle size 100 mesh,dyeing pressure 25 MPa,dyeing temperatur 110°C and the dyeing time 150 min.The dyeing process suitable for disperse blue 148 was achieved at the fluid flow rate 30 g/min,dye particle siz 100 mesh,dyeing pressure 25 MPa,dyeing temperature 120°C and the dyeing time 120 min.The washing and light fastness of dyed wool fiber rated 4-5 and 5 was obtained.Dyeing mechanism of the wool fibers with disperse dyes in supercritical CO₂ was determined by employing a variety of analysis detection technology,such as SEM,XRD,FT-IR,UV spectrum and so on.The dyes dissolved in supercritical CO₂ transfered into the internal fiber through wool scales,and then adsorbed and fixed in the space of wool keratin and non-crystalline regions of macromolecular chains under the swelling effect of hydrophobic scales of wool fiber in supercritical CO₂,the great driving force with high temperature and high pressure conditions,the drastic movements of dye molecules at high temperature as well as the concentration difference between the interior and exterior of the wool fibers.inside and outside of wool fiber.