| In recent years,with the improvement of people’s living standard and quickening of pace of life,the incidence rate of diseases and complications caused by diet and obesity has also increased significantly.This makes people pay more attention to food from satiety to nutrition,safety and convenience.The concept of eating healthly is gradually rooted in the hearts of the people.Convenient and quick intake of nutrients from food has become the focus of public attention,and the meal replacement foods have emerged as the times require.The research and development of new dual-protein nutritional and healthy meal replacement powder products has a broad market application prospect,which can provide a new direction for the development of meal replacement powder industry in China.In this thesis,dual-protein nutritional powder was used as the base material,and high-fiber diet combination(konjac flour,chia seeds,inulin)were used as raw materials to optimize the formula and process of dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder.The viscosity of high-fiber diet combination and the powder characteristics of dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder were determined,and the nutritional components,storage stability and the efficacy of weight control were analyzed.In order to develop a kind of dual-protein nutritional replacement powder with high protein,high fiber,easy-to-satisfaction,low fat content and rich nutrition.The main findings are as follows:(1)By exploring the influence of three common grinding methods(cooking machine grinding,pulverizer grinding,ball mill grinding)on the crushing effect of chia seed,it was found that when chia seed was mixed with inulin and konjac powder in proportion,the ball mill had the highest yield of93.6%through 100 mesh screening,and the shortest water-soluble dispersion time which was 28.3 s.The results showed that when the ratio of konjac:chia seed:inulin was 53:7:40,the repose angle of the meal replacement powder was 30.26°,the difference angle was 8.89°,the compressibility was 24%,the dispersity was 7%,and the sensory score was 85.29,which indicated that the viscosity of the meal replacement powder was moderate.(2)Single factor and orthogonal experiments were used to optimize the formula of dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder.The results showed that the order of the effect of the addition amount on the sensory evaluation of meal replacement powder was high-fiber diet combination>fruit powder>maltodextrin.When the addition amount of high-fiber diet combination was 12.3%,maltodextrin was 8.5%and fruit powder was 5.2%,the overall recognition of meal replacement powder is the highest.(3)Through the analysis of the amino acid composition of the dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder,it was found that the dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder contains eight essential amino acids required by the human body.The essential amino acid content of dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder was 14.954 g/100 g,accounting for 42%of the total amino acid content(EAA/TAA),which exceeded the EAA/TAA recommended by FAO/WHO=40%.By comparing with 19 kinds of high-quality meal replacerment powder on the market,it is found that the protein content of dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder is higher than that of 19 kinds of meal replacement powder on the market,and the fat content is equivalent to that of most meal replacement powders.The content of carbohydrate was similar to that of 5 of them,but much lower than that of the other 14.Therefore,the dual-protein nutritional meal replacement powder can not only reduce the sugar intake,but also meet the energy demand of human body.(4)The results of storage experiments showed that different storage temperatures had no significant effect on the water content of the meal replacement powder.The total number of colonies was did not change significantly at 25℃and 37℃.After storage at 55℃for 10 d,20 d and 30 d,the total number of colonies increased,but the total number of colonies was less than 10~4,which met the national standard.After 30 days of storage at 25℃,the vitamin D content of dual-protein meal replacement powder decreased by 12.7%,which was significantly lower than that of the products stored at 37℃and 55℃.After 10 days storage at RH 75%±5%,no significant changes were found in the water content and the total number of colonies.The content of vitamin D decreased after 15 days storage under 4500 Lx±500 Lx light.Therefore,low temperature,low humidity and dark conditions are more conducive to the storage of dual-protein meal replacement powder.(5)By measuring the body weight,body fat,muscle quantity,grasping force and liver and kidney of rats,it was found that the daily intake of a certain dose(4 g/kg BW)of dual-protein meal replacement powder could reduce the intake of rats and inhibit the growth of body weight.The results of further research showed that the intake of 4 g/kg BW dual-protein meal replacement powder had significant inhibition on fat accumulation in rats.In addition,the dual-protein meal replacement powder could significantly increase the muscle content of rats,and intaking 4 g/kg BW dual-protein meal replacement powder could significantly improve the grip level of rats.The liver function and renal function of rats were examined.It was found that in the 21 day intervention,the consumption of dual-protein meal replacement powder would not damage the liver function and renal function of rats within the study dose range. |
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