Study On The Process Optimization And The Active Function Of Low-Energy Broad Bean Nutritional Meal Substitute Powder

Vicia faba is a kind of legume crop with high protein and low fat.It is rich in nutrients,and it is an ideal raw material for nutritional meal substitute.According to the principle of product compounding and product population demand,this paper designs the formula of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder,and develops the nutritional powder products with the functions of lowering blood sugar and blood lipids,which are suitable for diabetes patients and obese patients,and have a certain market prospect.The specific research is as follows:1.Formula design of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder:Firstly,referring to the table of Chinese food,according to the low-energy and high-satiety criteria,three qualified raw materials,i.e.broad bean powder(Qinghai No.13),buckwheat powder and konjac purified powder,were selected as nutritional meal,which were used for the preparation of nutritional meal substitute powder;Secondly,the formula range of three main raw materials was calculated according to the energy ratio of the three major nutrients and the principle of low energy in the dietary guidelines for Chinese residents.;Finally,by the method of mixture design D-Optional,sensory evaluation as the response value,the three main raw materials,formulation optimization,get five times the optimal level of nutrition meal powder formulations,based on similar sensory evaluation,the formula for energy analysis of five group,with a low energy for the guidelines,to determine the low energy broad bean meal nutrition powder formula is the broad bean powder:buckwheat powder,konjac purified powder=10:9:1.2.Process optimization of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder:Firstly,study the effects of screw speed,material moisture content and extrusion temperature in zone ? on the content of soluble dietary fiber in low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder,and determine the optimal process parameters for extrusion puffing it is:the water content of the material is 16%,the extrusion temperature in zone ? is 142?,the screw speed is 146 r/min,and the soluble dietary fiber content is 18.13±0.15 g/100g.Secondly,study the rinsing property of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder.Orthogonal experimental design was adopted to study the optimal rinsing water temperature and rinsing ratio of 70?,1:15.Finally,it was observed by scanning electron microscope that the low-energy nutrition meal substitute powder after extrusion expanded was loose and porous,expanded in volume,uneven in surface,and larger in specific surface area.The loose structure reduced the space obstruction,which was conducive to the penetration and enzymatic hydrolysis of digestive juice,as well as the digestion and absorption of gastrointestinal tract.3.Functional analysis of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder:low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder contains more soluble dietary fiber,which has the effect of decreasing blood sugar and blood lipid.According to the in vitro starch digestion curve,the estimated glycemic index(eGI)was calculated to be 53,which was a hypoglycemic index food.Simulate the gastrointestinal digestive environment in vitro,and measure the content of sodium cholate,sodium glycinate,and sodium taurocholate in nutrition meal substitute powder,and compare it with some fruits and vegetables(banana,cauliflower,etc.),meal substitute powder has a better ability to adsorb bile salts:the adsorption amount of sodium cholate is 0.544±0.01 ?mol/100mg,and the adsorption amount of sodium glycylcholine is 0.482±0.04 ?mol/100mg,the adsorption amount of sodium taurocholate is 0.335±0.01 ?mol/100mg;low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder absorbs 5.580±0.21 mg/g cholesterol at pH 2.0.The adsorption capacity of cholesterol at pH 7.0 is 10.844±0.19 mg/g,and the nutrition powder has a better adsorption effect on cholesterol in the simulated intestinal environment.According to the dynamic adsorption curve,the maximum adsorption capacity of low-energy broad bean nutrition powder under acidic conditions is 421.79±4.02 ?g/g,the maximum adsorption capacity is 66.51±98?g/g under neutral conditions.The adsorption effect of nutritional powder on nitrite is more significant in the simulated gastric environment.4.Quality evaluation and storage study of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder:the quality evaluation of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder was carried out through sensory evaluation,physical and chemical testing and microbial testing,all indexes were in line with national standards,and the first limiting amino acid in it is the sulfur-containing amino acid.According to the content of protein,fat and carbohydrate in low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder,the energy density of the product was 0.1594 kcal/g and 38.25 kcal/portion,which met the national standard of low-energy food,and the ratio of nutrient to energy of three major production capacity accords with the principle of formula design.According to the calculation of nutrient reference intake,it is shown that the low-energy meal replacement powder of broad bean is high in dietary fiber(28.82 g/100g),low in fat(1.08 g/100g)and low in sodium(26 mg/100g).To study the storage performance of low-energy broad bean nutritional meal substitute powder:through the changes of water content,acid value and peroxide value,storage at room temperature and storage in refrigerator were compared.The storage effect is better in the refrigerated environment.