Development Of Black Raspberry Infusion Wine And Evaluation Of Anti-gout Efficacy

Raspberry is one of the third generation of golden fruits in the world.Its fruits are large and nutritious,containing a variety of minerals,vitamins,dietary fiber,flavonoids and other substances,which have been proven to be effective in preventing cancer and enjoy the reputation of being an anti-cancer ruby,and are widely planted in China.Flavonoids have excellent performance in inhibiting XOD.In view of the very high medicinal and commercial value of black raspberry,black raspberry was selected for this study.In this paper,we performed response surface optimization of the alcoholic extraction and formulation of black raspberry flavonoids to determine the flavonoid,polyphenol and anthocyanin contents,and the inhibition of XOD to provide accurate and reliable data and theoretical basis for the comprehensive development of black raspberry.In this paper,the results of single-factor experiments with black raspberries from Tasmania showed that black raspberries had the highest flavonoid content under the extraction conditions of stock-to-liquid ratio of 1:11,extraction time of 5.5 h,ethanol concentration of 50% and temperature of 30?.The extraction conditions were optimized by using Design-Expert 11.0 software,and the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as the material-to-liquid ratio of 1:11,extraction time of 5.6 h,ethanol concentration of50% and temperature of 30?.Enzyme inhibition experiments were also conducted with the alcoholic extracted material,showing that black raspberry alcoholic extract could inhibit the XOD-catalyzed reaction of xanthine to uric acid,with an inhibition rate of38.71%.The static adsorption and desorption performance of three types of macroporous adsorbent resins,AB-8,NKA-9 and D-101,on the flavonoids of black raspberry were comparatively studied,and the AB-8 type macroporous adsorbent resin was selected for the separation and purification of the flavonoids of black raspberry.The best process conditions for the separation and purification of black raspberry flavonoids with AB-8macroporous resin were determined by examining the adsorption and elution performance of flavonoids: the injection concentration was 0.5 mg/m L,the injection rate was 1.0m L/min,the injection volume was 50 m L for adsorption,and the elution was performed with 70% ethanol at 2.0 m L/min elution rate,and the elution effect was The best elution was achieved.The process is simple,with good separation effect and easy industrial production,suitable for the separation and purification of black raspberry flavonoids.In the black raspberry processing process,considering the utilization rate of black raspberries and the experimental period,it was found that the black raspberry material to liquid ratio of 150 g:300 m L,soaking time of 30 d,buckwheat wine alcohol concentration of 47% of the soaking conditions for the optimal soaking process.The extraction conditions were optimized using Design-Expert 11.0 software to obtain a material-to-liquid ratio of 300 g:300 m L,extraction time of 45 d,and buckwheat wine alcohol concentration of 54.18% as the best infusion conditions,and the highest flavonoid content in the infusion wine under these conditions.The obtained conditions were verified and the measured flavonoid content was 0.9890±0.0063 mg/m L,with a relative error of 0.80%,which is a small error between the experimental and predicted values and can be used as a reference for the black raspberry infusion process.And XOD inhibition experiments were conducted with black raspberry infusion wine,and the results showed that black raspberry infusion wine inhibited XOD up to 40.39%.Gout model in mice induced by intraperitoneal injection of potassium oxyzincate and uric acid and joint injection of sodium urate.Black raspberry infusion wine,black raspberry juice,and positive control drug were used to gavage gout mice,and it was found that black raspberry infusion wine could reduce uric acid content and XOD activity in the serum of gout mice,reduce uric acid production,and promote uric acid excretion.From the changes of joint swelling in mice,it can be concluded that black raspberry infusion wine has a certain inhibitory effect on acute gout in mice.The research content of this paper can provide a new idea for the development of black raspberry infusion wine as a new functional food with anti-gout effect.