Study On The Preparation And Catalytic Performance Of New Metal Nano-catalysts

Amine and alcohol compounds are an important class of synthetic organic and biochemical compounds,which are widely used in the synthesis of drugs,agrochemicals,dyes,etc.In the traditional preparation process of amine and alcohol compounds,there are harsh conditions such as organic reagents or high temperature.This paper aims to find a heterogeneous catalyst that can catalyze the reaction of amines and alcohols at room temperature and pressure,which is in line with the principle of green catalysis.The thesis mainly includes two parts:(1)Research on the high-efficiency reduction of aromatic nitro and aldehyde and ketone compounds under mild conditions with rhodium nano-catalyst;(2)Research on the preparation of zinc catalyst and the reduction of nitro compounds to prepare primary amine compounds.A series of nano-catalysts were prepared using potassium hexachlororhodate as the metal precursor and aromatic amines as the ligands,a highly active and stable rhodium nano-catalyst(Rh-NPs)was screened,which can catalyze the reduction of nitro groups and aldehydes and ketones in the aqueous phase at room temperature and pressure.The effects of ligand,catalyst dosage,solvent type,pH,and temperature on the reaction were explored to obtain the optimal reaction conditions,and on this basis,the substrate was expanded.Except,we also explored the stability of the catalyst and found that when after the catalyst was repeatedly used for six times,the activity of the catalyst did not decrease significantly.The structure of the product was confirmed by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR,the catalyst structure was characterized by TEM,SEM,XRD,XPS,FT-IR,TGA,EA,ICP-OES.A heterogeneous zinc catalyst was prepared,and zinc phthalocyanine was used as the metal precursor,which was loaded on silica and calcined at high temperature,it was found that nitrobenzene can be reduced in the water phase at room temperature and pressure.Exploring the influence of metal precursors,processing methods,calcination temperature,catalyst loading,reaction time,reaction temperature,solvent,and pH on the reaction by using nitrobenzene as a reference substrate,and the optimal reaction conditions required for the reaction were screened,and then the substrate was expanded.The product structure was tested by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR confirmed.