Structure Design Of Gradient Pore Filter Material And Research On Capturing Microfiber Performance

Recently,researchers have caused extensive attention from researchers in the ecological environment.Microplastic pollutants include not only plastic pollution,but also microfiber pollution.The main known source of microfiber contaminants is the washing of textiles.Microfiber will adsorb harmful pollutants and heavy metals into the water environment and pass through the water system.Microfibers are preyed by marine organisms and are continuously enriched through the food chain,which may harm the organisms at the top of the biological chain.It will affect the water system and even the entire ecosystem seriously.This topic focuses on the microfibers released from fabrics in household washing,and studies the mechanism of microfibers released from fabrics.Then select materials to prepare gradient pore filter materials,and study the trapping effect of microfibers by adjusting the optimal pore structure.First of all,washing tests on polyester fiber plain woven fabrics with different geometric structure phases are carried out to explore the release mechanism of microfibers,and the effects on the release of microfibers under factors such as washing times,fabric geometric structure phases and detergents are respectively explored.The result shows that the release of microfibers can be divided into three stages according to different washing times.In the primary release stage,the microfibers are mainly derived from the microfibers attached to the surface of the fabric;the slow release stage mainly comes from the breakage of the microfibers on the surface of the fabric;The release stage is mainly composed of broken microfibers and smaller fibers produced by splitting of fiber ends.Under the same washing conditions,the difference in the buckling wave height of fabrics with different geometric structures affects the degree of friction of the fibers.Fabrics with high buckling waves produce more microfibers.In addition,the presence of weakly alkaline powdered detergent also aggravated the production of microfibers,causing slight hydrolysis on the surface of the fabric.In the collection of all the microfibers generated during the washing process of fabrics,only 7.16% of the length is greater than 500 ?m;39.24% of the length between 100-500 ?m;53.60% of the length between 50-100 ?m.Secondly,the zinc-aluminum composite metal oxide with memory effect was prepared by electrospinning technology and magnetron sputtering technology.The experimental result of zinc-aluminum composite metal oxide and microfiber suspension showed that microfibers and zinc-aluminum composite metal oxide Carrying opposite charges and interacting with each other,it can be used to capture microfibers in washing wastewater.The optimized electrospinning process is used to deposit nanofiber membranes on the cotton filter material,and the pore size of the gradient pore filter material is adjusted by changing the electrospinning time.The result shows that the increase of the electrospinning time can reduce the pore size of the gradient pore structure size.According to the characterization result of gradient pore filter materials based on SEM images,EDS-Mapping and XRD,the surface of gradient pore filter materials,including cotton fabrics and nanofibers,is uniformly sputtered with Zn/Al-LDO.Finally,explore the effect of gradient pore filter materials on the microfiber collection efficiency under different washing processes,different microfiber concentrations,different temperatures,and different washing times.The result shows that under different washing processes,the efficiency of the fabric loaded with zinc-aluminum composite metal oxide is increased by 57.22% on average compared to the fabric without magnetron sputtering.The gradient pore structure deposited on the surface of the filter material improves the capture of microfibers.The efficiency is increased by 77.73%(soaking),76.33%(rinsing),and 75.02%(dewatering)compared with the filter material without nanofiber membrane.At different concentrations of the microfiber suspension,the gradient pore filter material intercepts the microfibers due to the deposited nanofiber membrane,and the average capture efficiency can reach up to 72.17%.When the content of nanofibers deposited on the surface of the filter material is small,the filter material is greatly affected by temperature.When the amount of nanofiber membrane increases,the change in temperature has no obvious effect on the microfiber capture efficiency,because it mainly captures The effect is a gradient pore structure,so it is less affected by the energy absorption of the zinc-aluminum composite metal oxide due to the memory effect.The trapping time will affect the trapping efficiency of the gradient pore filter material for the microfibers,and the filter material will reach the maximum adsorption at a certain point,and it will also cause the nanofiber membrane to be damaged by the impact of water flow,which affects the trapping efficiency of the microfibers.According to the electron microscope observation result of the filter material after washing,the nanofiber membrane with a short deposition time on the gradient pore filter material is more likely to be destroyed,and the loaded zinc-aluminum composite metal oxide is less affected by the water flow.