Ecological Compensation Market Mechanism And Individual Willingness To Pay ——Based On The Reality Of Ecological Compensation In China

With the continuous advancement of China’s ecological civilization construction,remarkable achievements have been made in the ecological environment governance,and the ecological compensation mechanism has been preliminarily established.However,due to the constraints of history and reality,China’s current ecological compensation model still has many problems,such as too much dependence on government input,large fund gap,single source and channel,insufficient market mechanism and public participation.The report to the 19 th national congress of the communist party of China clearly put forward the development of market-oriented and diversified ecological compensation mechanism,further explore the introduction of market-oriented incentive mechanism,and improve the market-oriented operation mode of ecological compensation.In the market of ecological compensation,based on the principle of "beneficiary pays" and "harm-doer pays",enterprises and individual residents should pay certain fees when enjoying ecological resources or destroying ecological environment.At present,the ecological compensation modes such as carbon emission right,water right and emission right trading with enterprises as the main body of compensation have been piloting in some provinces and cities.Therefore,this paper will focus on studying the market-oriented operation mode of ecological compensation with individual residents as the main body of compensation based on the existing experience.On the whole,the researches on the construction of the market-oriented mechanism of ecological compensation in China are mostly focused on the mode of ecological compensation with the government as the main body,while the researches on the market-oriented mechanism are mostly theoretical analysis and qualitative research,failing to further clarify the scope and standards of ecological compensation.Moreover,the research on individual residents’ willingness to pay to improve environmental pollution is mostly from a single environmental dimension.Based on the theory of perfecting the market mechanism of ecological compensation and the practice of promoting individual residents to participate in the market mechanism of ecological compensation,this paper will study the construction of the market mechanism of ecological compensation in China from the perspectives of individual residents’ willingness to pay,both theoretically and empirically.Firstly,this paper discusses the essence of the construction of the dramatization mechanism of ecological compensation,and explains that the ecological environment is a valuable resource and should be used with compensation by using the Marxist ecological civilization thought and ecological value theory.The mechanism of ecological compensation is explored by means of pious tax and coase theorem.Through the theory of public goods and the theory of the relationship between government and market,it is shown that ecological environmental resources belong to public goods.Using the theory of consumer choice and the theory of happiness,it shows that individual consumers are willing to pay for the improvement of environmental pollution in order to improve their happiness.Then using the descriptive statistics and case analysis,the paper expounds present situation and problems of China’s marketization of ecological compensation mechanism,the general theory with the reality of our country,the proved perfect market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism in line with the new era trend of deepening reform of socialism with Chinese characteristics,and how to attract public participation in ecological compensation,broaden the sources of compensation funds channels is the key to improve the marketization of China’s ecological compensation mechanism.So this paper USES the general social survey 2013 survey data,build happiness equation,based on the intrinsic relationship between happiness and the environmental pollution,the empirical analysis and estimate the individual benefit residents to reduce air pollution,noise pollution,and the willingness to pay the price of water pollution,market-oriented mechanism for ecological compensation in the concrete compensation standard and scope of individual pay to provide the reference.Finally,this paper argues that under the background of new era from the ecological compensation principle of government with the market cooperation,exploring multi-channel form of individual compensation mode and a sound system of form a complete set of system these three aspects to promote the marketization of China’s ecological compensation mechanism construction to provide effective policy recommendations,including individual residents through ecological compensation projects become investors,ecological service or financial participants,ecosystem resources buyers wait for means to participate in the ecological compensation,and to promote market-oriented,diversified development of ecological compensation in China.