Research On Analysis And Promotion Strategy Of Eco-efficiency Of Resource-based Cities In Henan Province

Resource-based cities are essential for ensuring basic energy resources.Due to the limitation and scarcity of natural resources,resource-based cities’ economic growth is faced with double constraints from limited resource stocks and environmental protection.With increasingly prominent growth pressure for sustainable development,the way of resource exploitation and economic development in resource-based cities needs to be transformed.Henan Province is an important province of mineral resources in China,with rich reserves of metals,coal and other minerals.Owing to disorderly mining of mineral resources,resource-based cities in Henan Province are facing with frequent geological disasters and environment deterioration.The contradiction between economic development and environment is becoming increasingly prominent.In view of the above problems,the " eco-efficiency assessment-spatio-temporal evolution pattern-formation mechanism-promotion strategy" was taken as the research route,to study the ecological efficiency improvement strategy of resource-based cities in Henan Province,in order to provide scientific basis and policy reference to improve the eco-efficiency of resource-based cities and promote the sustainability of resource development.The main research contents and conclusions were as follows:(1)Construction of eco-efficiency assessment system: Constructing an evaluation index system with capital,labor,land,energy input factors,regional GDP,average employee wages,and environmental pollution output factors.The SBM-Undesirable model considering input and output slack was used to evaluate Henan in 2007-2016 Ecological efficiency of resource-based cities.(2)Analysis of the spatial and temporal evolution of eco-efficiency: In time dimension,the eco-efficiency of resource-based cities in Henan Province had improved overall from 2007 to 2016,and most cities were at a low level.Under the circumstance of environmental constraints,the average eco-efficiency was only 0.63,presenting great improvement potential.The eco-efficiency differed in different administrative levels and urban development stages.In spatial dimension,during 2007-2016 the eco-efficiency effective areas continued to expand.The relatively high-efficiency areas were concentrated in Gongyi,Xinmi,etc.Meanwhile the changes in the medium and low efficiency zones were small.In addition,spatial correlation was significant among the cities.Gongyi and Xingyang in central Henan were high eco-efficiency concentration areas,while Nanyang and Luoyang were in low eco-efficiency concentration areas for a long time.(3)Analysis of the formation mechanism of ecological efficiency: The eco-efficiency of resource-based cities in Henan Province was affected by scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency.The failure to achieve relative efficiency in scale was an essential reason for the low level of eco-efficiency.High labor and capital input redundancy and the undesirable excess output such as environmental pollution were the main reasons that caused the generally ineffective eco-efficiency in resource-based cities.(4)Strategies to improve the eco-efficiency of resource-based cities were as follows:(1)Implementing targeted improvement measures for cities with different levels of eco-efficiency.Furthermore,making policy inclination to cities with relatively inefficient or continuously reduced eco-efficiency,so as to promote coordinated development.(2)Improving resource utilization efficiency,reducing labor,capital investment,and environmental pollutant emissions.(3)Developing the benefits of industrial scale and raising the level of industrial scale and technology.(4)Reducing labor input and promoting the transformation of the employment structure.