Research On Influences Of Population Structure And Urbanization On Carbon Emissions In China

In recent years,a large amount of greenhouse gas emissions has caused environmental deterioration and global warming,which has become the major problem.In order to build a harmonious low-carbon society with harmonious development between human and nature,the Chinese government has clearly proposed to achieve the peak of carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and ensure that the long-term goals of carbon neutrality can be achieved by 2060.The “14th five-year plan”suggested to accelerate the green and low-carbon social development and reduce carbon emissions intensity.In this case,China has actively explored the effective path of low-carbon development,striving to build a sustainable economic society,and further highlighting the importance of carbon emission research.As the most populous country in the world,China is in the period of social transformation,and how to deal with the relationship between the population and ecological environment is more and more important.The expansion of population and the acceleration of urbanization have contributed to the increasing energy consumption and the increase carbon dioxide emissions,which has caused great pressure on resources and environment in China.Therefore,this paper will study the impact on carbon emissions from the perspective of population structure and urbanizations.This paper focuses on the impact of population structure and urbanization on carbon emissions in China,using the time series data from 1995 to 2018,taking the STIRPAT model as the theoretical framework,the ridge regression analysis method is used to study the impact of population structure on carbon emissions.At the same time,use the VAR model to search the dynamic relationship between urbanization and carbon emissions,and due to the use of impulse response and distributed decomposition function,it is possible to study the dynamic impact of urbanization related variables on carbon emissions.The results are as follows:(1)Population structure has a significant impact on carbon emissions.Population size,population age structure and population employment structure have positive impact on carbon emissions,which can promote carbon dioxide emissions.Population consumption structure has a negative impact on carbon emissions,which can inhibit carbon dioxide emissions.(2)Urbanization has a significant impact on carbon emissions.The proportion of urban population in the total population and the urban land construction area can promote carbon emissions,the impact of per capita income of urban residents has changed the effect from positive to negative on carbon emissions,and the impact of the proportion in secondary and tertiary industry has changed the effect from negative to positive on carbon emissions.For the above analysis,this paper proposes the following countermeasures and suggestions,hoping to reduce carbon emissions as follows: first,control the population size and optimize the population structure;second,change the industrial structure and promote lowcarbon industries;third,improve the quality of urbanization and advocate green life;fourth,improve the energy structure and reduce the energy consumption.