Study On The Calculation Of Grassland Ecological Lateral Compensation Standard From The Perspective Of Virtual Grassland Flow

At present,China’s grasslands is seriously degraded and biodiversity is drastically reduced.In order to reverse this status quo and promote the economic development in pastoral areas,the central government has implemented a number of grassland vertical ecological compensation policies.Although certain results have been achieved,the single compensation subject,incomplete policy coverage,and low compensation standards have only slowed the grassland degradation trend,but has not fundamentally solved the problem of the destruction of grassland ecological.We should respond to the national call,establish the grassland horizontal ecological compensation mechanism,which complements the vertical mechanism to form a complete grassland ecological compensation mechanism,coordinate the interests of various regions,promote mutual benefit and win-win results,and realize the restoration and protection of grassland ecology.The core issue in the grassland horizontal ecological compensation mechanism is the horizontal ecological compensation standard.This paper conducts research on the horizontal ecological compensation standard from both theoretical and empirical aspects.In theory,the concept of “virtual grassland” is proposed for reference to the concepts of “virtual soil” and“virtual farmland”.The net flow of virtual grassland is used as the carrier,by using the equivalent factor method,constructing the horizontal ecological compensation adjustment coefficient and priority formula,the calculation model of grassland horizontal ecological compensation standard is obtained.In terms of empirical research,the model is used to measure the net flow of virtual grassland in various regions from 2003 to 2018,divide the compensation/payment area,and then calculate the compensation/payment amount in line with the economic development of each region,and determine the priority of each province according to the urgency of the need for compensation funds.The research results show that the compensation areas for grassland ecological compensation in China include Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang,Tibet and other provinces,mainly distributed in Northeast,Northwest and North China.The payment areas include Jiangsu,Guangdong,Anhui and other provinces,mainly distributed in Southwest,South China,East China and Central China.Generally,in line with the grassland distribution and industrial structure of various provinces in China,the virtual grassland presents a pattern of "north to south".In 16 years,Inner Mongolia was the province with the highest amount of compensation,reaching250.50248 billion yuan in 2018.Jiangsu and Guangdong are the provinces with higher payment amounts,which were 132.28148 billion yuan and 54.39808 billion yuan in 2018.Sort the regions after comprehensively considering the compensation/payment amount and the economic development status of each province,Inner Mongolia has always been in the forefront of compensation due to the greater impact on itself after receiving compensation funds,and the payment order of different regions varies in different years.This article can provide an effective reference for relevant agencies to determine the grassland horizontal ecological compensation standards,and has certain reference value for the research on the grassland horizontal ecological compensation mechanism in China.