Research On Structural Design And Carbonization Process Of Food Waste Disposer

With the development of society and the rapid expansion of cities and towns,urban waste is the key to the smooth development of cities.The annual output of domestic garbage in China is about 400 million tons,and kitchen waste accounts for more than60%.Because of its high organic matter and easy decay characteristics,it is the cradle for breeding various pathogenic bacteria.At present,most of the food waste treatment adopts centralized collection and transfer to the garbage disposal point for processing.Due to the particularity of kitchen waste,there are problems in the process of storage and transportation,such as large volume,large amount of sewage,heavy odor,and easy environmental pollution.If the kitchen waste can be carbonized once in a way that is divided into parts,the volume of waste can be greatly reduced and pollution can be reduced.To this end,this article carried out the research on the heating and carbonization process of food waste treatment.After analyzing the composition and physical characteristics of kitchen waste,based on the principle of low-speed noise reduction and Darcy seepage,the use of double-tooth roller crushing mechanism,variable-diameter and variable-pitch extrusion screw,heating and carbonization forming mechanism has completed the carbonization of kitchen waste.The design of the processor achieves the purpose of substantial weight reduction and waste pretreatment.The specific research content and conclusions are as follows:(1)Sampling analysis and structural design of kitchen waste.The physical properties of the kitchen waste components are classified,and the indicators of the degree of garbage fragmentation and the product carbonization rate are determined.On this basis,the parameters of the three core mechanisms of crushing,extrusion and heating are designed.Finally,use UG software to model the parts of the food waste disposer and complete the three-dimensional assembly.(2)Structural simulation analysis and parameter optimization.Discrete element software EDEM was used to construct four process parameters of the broken tooth elevation angle and broken gear ring staggered angle,and the crushing simulation of eight double-toothed roller crushing structure models was carried out respectively,and the optimized result was obtained: the broken tooth elevation angle was 78°,and the gear ring spiral staggered The angle is 10 °,and the maximum wear amount is0.198mm;using the coupling method of EDEM and ANSYS,multiple sets of process plans are matched,and the local sensitivity and synergistic influence of each fillet on the deformation are analyzed by the response surface method,and the minimum deformation is obtained The combination of process parameters: the tooth tip fillet radius is 0.35 mm,the tooth tip transition fillet radius is 4mm,and the tooth back fillet is2 mm.(3)Research on the carbonization treatment process of kitchen waste.According to the designed screw extrusion and heating carbonization mechanism,an experimental platform is built.Design an eight-level single-factor experiment on heating temperature.By detecting the degree of carbonization,dehydration rate and the core temperature of the product at the die exit,it is concluded that when the optimal heating temperature is about 640 ℃,the degree of carbonization and the rate of mass loss are the highest,reaching respectively : 99.9% and 95.1%.The effectiveness of the carbonization treatment of kitchen waste is verified.