Research On Influencing Factors Of Wetland Ecological Efficiency Based On Structural Equation Model

Wetland is one of the three major ecosystems in the world,providing a variety of ecological services for human survival and development.Ecological efficiency is an important standard to measure ecosystem health,a key factor to ensure the survival,reproduction and stable development of organisms in the ecosystem,and an important factor to realize the sustainable development and utilization of material resources.At present,the research of wetland ecological efficiency has become the focus of academic circles.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to explore the influencing factors of wetland ecological efficiency and analyze its influencing path,which can provide reference for the follow-up wetland protection and sustainable development.Based on the previous studies and the definition of wetland ecological efficiency,this paper takes Zhangjiagang as the research area to carry out empirical research.A total of 12 index variables,including wetland health,wetland structure,climate factors and human activity factors,are selected to analyze the main influencing factors of Zhangjiagang wetland ecological efficiency.Firstly,the relevant data of Zhangjiagang administrative towns from 2017 to 2019 were collected,and the wetland ecological efficiency of each administrative town was calculated by ESV method,and the changes were analyzed from the perspective of time and space.On this basis,the hypothesis is put forward,the structural equation model is constructed,the influencing factors and path coefficient of Zhangjiagang wetland ecological efficiency are studied,and the ecological efficiency promotion strategy is put forward based on the path analysis.The conclusions are as follows:(1)the ecological efficiency of Zhangjiagang wetland presents a downward trend.From the analysis of time characteristics,the ecological efficiency of wetland decreased from 20417.8135 million yuan in 2017 to 1487.00171 million yuan in 2019,with a decline rate of 27.17% in three years.The biodiversity of hydrological regulation and support services of regulation services decreased greatly,which played a significant role in the decline of ecological efficiency.From the analysis of spatial characteristics,the order of wetland ecological efficiency of each administrative town in Zhangjiagang City from high to low is Jinggang Town,Jinfeng Town,Leyu Town,Nanfeng Town,Changyinsha Town,Daxin Town,yangshe Town,Fenghuang town and Tangqiao town.(2)In this paper,four kinds of influencing factors were identified for wetland ecological efficiency,which were wetland health,wetland structure,human activities and climate factors.Four kinds of influencing factors are measured by a total of 12indicators“ The path coefficient of "wetland health → ecological efficiency" is 0.104,which has the least impact on ecological efficiency“ The path coefficient effect of "wetland structure →ecological efficiency" is 0.181“ The path coefficient effect of "human activity factor → ecological efficiency" is 0.367,which has the greatest impact on wetland ecological efficiency“ The path coefficient effect of "climate factor → ecological efficiency" is 0.190,which has the greatest impact on ecological efficiency except human activities.Through the path coefficient analysis of structural equation model,the ecological efficiency is affected by four factors,which are human activities,climate,wetland structure and wetland health.Among them,wetland health and wetland structure have positive effects on ecological efficiency,while human activities and climate factors have negative effects on ecological efficiency.Human activities and climate factors also indirectly affect the ecological efficiency by affecting the wetland health and structure.(3)According to the results of the model analysis,four ecological efficiency improvement suggestions are put forward from the perspective of human activities,which are as follows:(1)Strengthen river network regulation and give full play to wetland purification function;(2)Strengthen vegetation restoration and promote wetland hydrological regulation;(3)Strengthen habitat protection and improve biodiversity;(4)Coordinate human economic activities and maintain ecosystem stability.