Study On Subway Station’s Service Capacity And Its Adaptability

Urban rail transit has become one of the preferred modes of transportation for urban residents in China due to its advantages of large capacity,fast speed,and high punctuality.With the expansion of urban scale and population growth in recent years,urban rail transit is facing increasing pressure of passenger volume.In the face of the impact of large passenger flows,the density of passengers in subway stations has increased dramatically,which has gradually highlighted many problems in the design and operation processes of subways.One of the problems is the mismatch between subway station capacity and actual passenger demand.The main reason is that the existing station capacity calculation method is not suitable for the actual situation.Therefore,there is an urgent need to study the related problems of station capacity calculation in order to provide theoretical support for the design and modification of subway stations.Focusing on the concept and calculation method of subway station capacity,this paper mainly carried out the following research work:(1)Based on the analysis of the existing transportation system-related capacity concepts,combined with the operating features of subway station,a complete subway station capacity concept system has been established;Considering passengers’ needs for comfort,the concept of ‘Level of Service’ was added into the calculation of station capacity and by which the concept of station service capacity has been built,then the concept system of subway station service capacity has been expanded;After studying the factors of station service capacity,based on the service process of the station system,a theoretical model of station service capacity has been built.(2)Starting from the analysis of the gathering and evacuation process of passengers in the station,based on the queuing theory,the queuing models of each single facility were established separately;Regarding each single facility as a network node and combined with the topological relationship between each facility,the queuing network model of passengers’ gathering and evacuation process in the station was built;then we put forward the mathematical calculation model of the station service capacity and chose to use the response surface method(RSM)to solve it;Finally,we took Beijing Subway Station as an case study object to test the validity of the station service capacity calculation model and to analyze the station service capacity sensitivity to each nodes.By this way,we could identify the bottlenecks of station service capacity and provide theoretical support for effectively improving station service capacity.(3)Combined with the characteristics of the subway station system,the definition of the adaptability of station service capacity was proposed;The evaluation method of the adaptability of station service capacity under two types of scenarios was put forward,which has formed the adaptability evaluation system based on station service capacity;Finally,taking Beijing Subway Station as an example,we set different passenger demand scenarios according to the features of passenger flow during weekdays and holiday,then evaluated the station adaptability to different passenger demand scenarios.