| The capacity market can stimulate conventional unit generating capacity investment and user participation in demand response to facilitate sufficient reserve capacity during peak-load periods,and at the same time provide flexible capacity support for large-scale grid connection of intermittent renewable energy.The capacity market mechanism is an effective way to ensure the security of China’s long-term power supply.Energy storage has the characteristics of fast response and flexible adjustment,and can be used as a user-side fast response resource to participate in the capacity market and the main energy market,improving the user’s response ability.This paper proposes a user demand response-energy storage from the perspective of user demand response resources participating in both the capacity market and the main energy market,based on the reward and punishment in the capacity contract and the real-time electricity price changes in the main energy market to determine demand response strategies Optimization model for DR-ESS.Based on the US PJM market,this paper first analyzes and analyzes the operation modes of user demand response resources participating in both the capacity market and the main energy market.The analysis shows that users’ demand response resources can sign capacity contracts through agents participating in the capacity market,and users can determine demand response strategies based on rewards and penalties in the capacity contracts and real-time electricity price changes in the main energy market to obtain maximum economic benefits.Then,based on the traditional electricity price demand response model theory,the capacity contract reward and punishment variables are introduced into the model.At the same time,the electricity price variables take into account the 24-hour real-time electricity price and real-time electricity price of the load node where the user is located in the main energy market.Real-time electricity price demand response model of contract.Secondly,from the perspective of users’ limited response capabilities due to the limitations of electrical equipment characteristics and production laws,and using energy storage configuration to improve response capabilities,a user-side energy storage double-layer optimized configuration model that takes into account the capacity market is established.Among them,the inner model modeling idea is based on the established real-time electricity price demand response model.After the user determines the demand response strategy and obtains the response electricity load curve,the energy storage charge and discharge are used to achieve a further response.The inner model optimizes the user’s daily benefit as the objective function,and optimizes the results of the energy storage charge and discharge strategy.The outer layer model optimizes the rated charge and discharge power and capacity of the energy storage equipment after the demand response model and the inner layer model are calculated 365 times a year.,And then return the result to the inner layer for iterative calculation.Finally,the efficient set algorithm and genetic algorithm are used to solve the optimal allocation model of energy storage.A case study of one year’s electricity load data and node electricity price data of a large industrial user in the US PJM market was used to obtain an optimized energy storage configuration result.Based on this,the typical daily load curve data is selected to divide the user into the signed capacity market contract and the unsigned capacity market contract.The user’s benefit and the power grid benefit are compared and analyzed,and the validity of the model is verified. |
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