Research On Short-term Pricing Decisions Of Thermal Power Enterprises In Electricity Spot Market

With the gradual advancement of the power system reform,the construction of power marketization has been comprehensively deepened.In 2015,the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of the Electricity System"(Zhongfa[2015]No.9),requiring the gradual establishment of an electricity market that uses medium and long-term transactions to avoid risks,uses spot transactions to explore real price signals,and optimizes power resource allocation The system marks the official start of the construction of the spot market.In 2019,the first batch of eight power spot pilots will start trial operation successively,all will be launched in 2020,and will be transferred to formal operation in 2021,and more pilot areas will be explored.In the spot market,power generation companies represented by thermal power companies need to make quotations based on their own units and parameter response capabilities.The quotation cycle can be as short as every hour,every half hour or even every 15 minutes,and up to 96 trading hours can be reached throughout the day.Due to the short bidding cycle,electric energy commodities have the characteristics that large-scale storage,generation,transmission,distribution,and consumption need to be completed instantly.Therefore,thermal power companies need to grasp factors such as supply and demand matching and cost levels in the spot market at all times,and quickly make price decisions in each time period,while the traditional pricing methods of thermal power companies are difficult to respond to short-term quotations in the spot market in a timely manner.Based on the above background,this article explores and analyzes the short-term pricing decision-making methods and strategies of thermal power companies in the spot market environment.The research of this paper consists of four core contents:First,summarize the development history,transaction types and clearing mechanism of my country’s power spot market,and combine the production and operation characteristics of thermal power companies to analyze the power spot market’s profitability,short-term quotations,and costs for thermal power companies.The main influence of the precision of the measurement and the real-time decision-making ability.Secondly,based on the management accounting perspective,considering the marginal cost,supply-demand relationship,competitive environment,market mechanism and other key factors affecting pricing,and adopting the static game method of incomplete information considering the marginal cost to construct a short-term pricing decision model.Third,taking a thermal power company as a case study object,based on production and financial data,and on the basis of measuring its marginal cost,referring to the actual transaction operation data of the Guangdong power spot market,using the proposed short-term pricing model for in-depth analysis Application Analysis.At the same time,the reasonableness,achievability and profitability of the calculation results were verified.The conclusion shows that the short-term pricing decision-making model of thermal power enterprises constructed in this paper is feasible and scientific in actual trading situations.Finally,it puts forward guarantee suggestions for the reasonable implementation of short-term pricing decisions.Based on the goal of improving the short-term pricing decision-making level of thermal power companies in the power spot market,this paper pioneered the construction of a short-term pricing decision model of incomplete information static game considering marginal costs,and established a cost and pricing management method with real-time characteristics.The research results have enriched the relevant theories and methods of pricing decision-making in management accounting,and provided reference and reference for thermal power companies to fine-tune power generation costs in the spot market,and quickly make reasonable short-term pricing decisions based on market supply and demand and the competitive situation.It helps to promote thermal power companies to improve their ability to respond to short-term pricing decisions,guarantee the expected profitability of bidding in the spot market,and calmly face the increasingly fierce competition in the spot market.