Research On The Origin And Architecture Form Of Folk Academies In Southern Fujian

The academic circles pay more attention to the traditional academies in the field of literature and history,less in the field of architecture,and even less in the field of folk academies in southern Fujian.Taking folk academies in southern Fujian as the research object,this paper focuses on their origin and development characteristics from the perspective of history.From the point of view of architecture,this paper pays attention to the architectural form of folk academies in southern Fujian,and pays further attention to the cause of its architectural form,combined with the study of history.The origin and development of folk academies in southern Fujian are accompanied by the rise and fall of local education.With the change of education in southern Fujian,the folk academy experienced a historical process from the origin to the formation,from the revival to the heyday.In the change of society in southern Fujian,economic development and folk academies complement each other,population flow influences the distribution of folk academies,educational programs and service objects also diversify the types of folk academies.The historical context is the soil for the origin and development of folk academies,and the existing cases are valuable research materials at present.Through extensive and detailed field investigation in southern Fujian,this subject obtained the existing good primary data of folk academy cases,and then sorted out the historical evolution,studied the plane layout,and summarized the architectural characteristics.Based on the analysis and empirical research,this paper analyzes and summarizes the architectural form of folk academies in southern Fujian from three aspects: spatial function,spatial form and spatial decoration.The spatial function of folk academies in southern fujian not only reflects the three major undertakings of traditional academies:lecturing,sacrificial rites and collecting books,but also forms its characteristics due to the change of spatial pattern of many factors.The concept of environmental site selection,spatial processing techniques and architectural construction ideas presented in the spatial form are all permeated with diversified cultural information.Its characters,stone carvings,wood carvings,paintings,ceramics and other space decoration,also fully expressed the cultural connotation of diversity.The formation of folk academy architecture in southern Fujian is closely related to its origin.Combined with specific types of teaching and ritual activities,considering cultural concepts such as Confucianism,Buddhism and folk belief,and integrating the role of government-run education,the paper finally concluded that the formation factors of architectural form and system of folk academies in southern Fujian were mainly concentrated in three aspects: behavioral activities,multi-culture and government-run education.This paper studies the origin and architectural form of folk academies in southern Fujian,which should be inspired by the subsequent research on academies and serve as the theoretical basis for the protection,utilization and cultural inheritance of local folk academies.