A Comparative Study On The Traditional Settlement Patterns Of Miao And Dong In Southeast Guizhou

Southeast Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture in Southeast Guizhou is one of the main settlement areas of the Miao and Dong nationalities in my country.The Miao and Dong settlements in the territory are "large settlements,small settlements",that is,the overall distribution is different,and the local areas are staggered.The current research on the Miao and Dong settlements in southeastern Guizhou are mostly single-ethnic settlement studies.There is a lack of comparative studies on the Miao and Dong settlements,and systematic quantitative analysis of the settlement patterns in this area is even rarer.In order to more systematically and accurately sort out the differences and connections between the Miao and Dong settlement patterns,the author uses a combination of field survey induction and mathematical analysis to study this topic.The settlement form is the extension of the national culture at the material level.With the exchange of Miao,Dong and Han cultures,the well-preserved traditional settlements of Miao and Dong are mostly distributed in Shengmiao and Nandong areas.The author chooses typical settlements in this area for investigation.Subsequently,the Miao-Dong settlement form was compared and analyzed from the four aspects of natural environment form,boundary form,public space structure form,and architectural order form.The natural environment form is the limiting condition and component of the settlement form.In Chapter 3,the author analyzes the horizontal and vertical spatial characteristics of the natural environment elements(mountain-waterforest-field)of the Miao and Dong settlements under the same terrain conditions.Use GIS technology to quantify the terrain height difference,slope,aspect and other indicators.Chapter 4 comparatively analyzes the characteristics of Miao and Dong’s traditional settlement boundary.The settlement boundary is composed of the outer natural boundary and the inner residential area boundary.The author uses the fractal principle to quantify the boundary shape of the residential area on the basis of summarizing the characteristics of the natural boundary shape.The borders of the Miao and Dong settlements have similar characteristics of ambiguity and openness,but the continuity and closure of the borders of the Miao settlements are weaker than that of the Dongs,and the complexity of the borders of the Miao settlements is higher than that of the Dongs.Chapter 5 starts a comparative study on the structure of public space.Summarize the characteristics of the settlement traffic road network and the distribution law of the node public space,and quantitatively analyze the shape of the Miao-Dong road network through depthmap software.The road network system of the Miao and Dong settlements conforms to the terrain,but there are differences in the convenience of the whole and part of the road network,the location and technical tendency of public spaces,and the shape of the waterfront space.Chapter 6 discusses the similarities and differences in the architectural order of Miao and Dong’s traditional settlements.Initially extract the features of the architectural order form through the residential texture map,and use the programming of python and grasshopper to calculate the average area,orientation,spacing,etc.of the traditional residential settlements.The orientation,spacing,and overall interface of Miao Dong’s dwellings have similar characteristics,but there are significant differences in the degree of distribution of the building groups in the settlement,the difference in the distance between the dwellings under different terrain conditions,and the overall characteristics of the settlement buildings.The cultural differences of ethnic origin make the Miao and Dong people make their own group choices in the settlement construction,and eventually form different Miao and Dong settlement patterns,but the common national survival rationality makes the Miao and Dong settlement patterns have certain similar characteristics.At the same time,according to the different elements of the settlement pattern,the author has refined a systematic quantitative research method for the mountain settlement pattern in the southwest region,which makes the description of the characteristics of the mountain settlement pattern more scientific and accurate.In addition,the quantified traditional settlement morphology data provides clear morphological index guidance for the construction of modern folk towns and the update of traditional settlements.