Real-time Speed Control Method Of Buses Based On Headway Stability At The Station

The continuous increase of bus investment and the continuous decline of passenger demand have become a pair of common contradiction during the conventional bus operation process.If the public operation stability and bus service reliability cannot be improved,the charm of the regular bus for residents will be more and more small.The contradiction will not be solved,and it will intensify.Therefore,this paper conducts research on the operation stability of buses on the single line,and proposes an optimized control method aiming at the problems existing in the bus operation process.According to different road infrastructure conditions and the provision of public transport priority facilities,this paper selects three types of bus lines as the research object,namely,the whole line of Shanghai No.71 medium-capacity and Xi’an No.600 bus line,and part of Xi’an No.15 bus line.The GPS data of the typical lines is extracted respectively,and the characteristics of the bus operation based on the bus headway data are analyzed.In this paper,random passenger service time at the bus stations and signalized intersection delay are taken as the two main factors affecting the bus time headway.At the same time,the characteristics of passenger flow distribution at the stations are studied in conjunction with bus IC card data to determine the passenger arrival rate at each station.And the signalized intersection delay of No.15 and No.600 are calculated respectively according to whether the bus dedicated lane is equipped at each intersection.Based on the determination of basic parameters,this paper proposes a real-time speed control strategy for the stability of the bus headway,which aims at minimizing the degree of headway deviation from the designed schedule of each bus at each station on a single bus line.In the process of modeling,the corresponding basic parameters are selected according to the line characteristics.And the heterogeneous roadway conditions are emphasized,different speed adjustment coefficients are set according to different road infrastructure conditions and the congestion degree of each section to enhance the practicality of the control method.Finally,by comparing the time headway stability and operation trajectory of each busbefore and after the control,the control effect of the proposed speed control model is analyzed,and the applicable boundary of the model is explored from two aspects of bus departure interval at the first station and the length of congested road section.The results show that the implementation of real-time bus speed control strategy can effectively solve the operation problem caused by time headway deviation.After the control,the bus bunching status of the three types of bus lines has been reduced by more than 65%.The large gap status of the first and third bus lines were reduced by 64% and 25.64%respectively,and the same state has disappeared in the second bus line;the average passenger waiting time reduction rate of the three types of lines reached 51.6%,45.4% and31.8%,indicating that the speed control models balance the departure time interval,reduce the travel time of passengers,and at the same time improve the overall bus operation speed as much as possible on the premise of satisfying the optimal objective function.