Research On Design And Evaluation Of Contour Band Of Highway Tunnel Based On Driver’s Factor

Highway tunnel traffic accidents are highly frequent and are mostly rear-end collisions and wall collisions.They are mainly caused by poor tunnel visual environment,driver’s speeding behavior,fatigue driving,and insufficient distance between vehicles As an important measure to improve the traffic safety of tunnels,the design of the contour band of highway tunnels is imperfect in design theory and the current situation is confusing.Therefore,from the perspective of driver,this paper studies the design theory and evaluation method of highway tunnel contour band.Taking the tunnel contour band as the research object,by analyzing the correlation between the tunnel accident and the driver’s cause,the visual illusion,view area,and visibility are used as the driver’s factor analysis and evaluation level;Then combined with the theory of tunnel induction,edge rate,change in the center of gravity and visual reference system,a tunnel contour band scheme is designed for the long straight section of a highway tunnel with a design speed of 80 km / h.It collects drivers’ psychophysiological indicators based on simulated driving experiments.It collects the driver’s psychophysiological indicators through simulated driving experiments,and uses the comprehensive visual indicators and K-means cluster analysis to grade and evaluate the induction effect of the contour band scheme in the tunnel.The visual recognition of the contour bands of the special sections of the tunnel is graded with the visual recognition distance as an index.The inducibility of the approach zone profile of the tunnel was evaluated using the gaze rate of interest area as an index.The results of the experimental evaluation are as follows:(1)The most suitable conditions for the four types of contour band schemes in highway tunnels,when the tunnel length <500m,respectively,the safety-type contour band scheme is adopted.It can meet the needs of driving safety and improve the driver’s sense of speed and distance.When length is 500m-1000 m,a comfortable contour band scheme is adopted.It can meet the needs of driving comfort and further enhance the driver’s sense of direction.When length is 1000m-3000 m,the rhythmic contour band scheme is adopted.It can meet the aesthetic needs of driving and further reduce the fatigue effect.When length> 3000 m,the scheme of enhanced rhythmic contour band is adopted.It can meet the requirements of driving aesthetics and further alleviate the outstanding fatigue problems in extra long tunnels.(2)Tunnel door facade marking scheme: The average visual recognition distance of the door of the rectangular block of the facade scheme is 146.2 ± 1.5m,and it has a rating of Pass.The average visual recognition distance of the door of the circular block scheme is 237.0 ± 1.5m,and it ’s rated good.It shows that the ring block scheme can effectively improve the recognition distance of the tunnel door.Tunnel emergency stop with facade marking scheme: The average visual recognition distance of the end wall without the elevation marking scheme is 101.5 ± 1.5m,and it has an unsatisfactory rating.The average visual recognition distance of the end wall of c ombination of bars and arrows scheme is 307.4 ± 1.5m,and it is evaluated as excellent rating.It shows that the arrow scheme can increase the driver’s visual recognition of the emergency stop belt.(3)Contour band scheme of approaching tunnel: The improvement scheme of the circular block facade marking scheme and the 40m-space warning type linear induction marker combination scheme has the best improvement in view area,which can reduce the traffic load and effectively induce low position.It helps drivers get driving information at night and raises focus on the central area.It constrains the viewing area during the day,reduces attention to useless information,and raises focus on the central area.