Design And Analysis Of The Energy-saving And Environment-friendly Vehicle Retarder

With the annual increase in the number of vehicles and the development trend of high-speed automobiles,the frequency of road traffic accidents is getting higher and higher.In order to improve the safety and reduce the number of driving accidents due to poor braking performance and in view of the large energy consumption shortcomings of commonly used eddy current retarders,an energy-saving and environment-friendly design method is proposed to be applied to the design of retarders based on the introduction of several common auxiliary braking devices.First of all,the research status of energy-saving and environment-friendly retarders were studied by reading relevant literature.Adhering to the concept of protecting the environment,the excitation method and layout of the retarder are selected,and the magnetic circuit control method is introduced for permanent magnet retarders.Based on this,a permanent magnet wheel side retarder with the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection and integrated with friction braking is devised.We not only described how it works,but also chose the relevant parameters.Secondly,the performance of the retarder designed is analyzed based on the structural design.Specifically,according to the electromagnetic field theory,the expression of the retarder braking torque is derived,and the magnetic density distribution of the key parts of the retarder is compared with the finite element analysis software under the non-braking state and the braking state.At the same time,the transient magnetic field analysis of the retarder is carried out,and the braking torque generated by the retarder at different speeds is simulated.In addition,based on the internal heat source method,a mathematical model of the temperature field of the retarder rotor is established,the temperature rise caused by eddy current braking is analyzed,and the magnetic-thermal coupling finite element simulation is performed.In order to prevent the excessive temperature of the rotor from causing a decrease in the life of the brake disc and thermal decay of the braking torque,combined with the structural form of the wheel hub,the structural parameters of wind holes on the wheel hub are optimized to increase the air inside the wheel when rotating.The flow rate is the target,and the forced heat dissipation of the retarder is realized and verified by CFD software.After all the works done above,the retarder prototype was designed and manufactured and the prototype test was carried out.The prototype test shows that the test results are similar to the simulation,proving that the analysis before are correct.Finally,based on the introduction of lightweight theory,a specific retarder lightweight program was proposed,including the optimization design of the topological structure of the rotor disc,the comprehensive use of two optimization methods of shape and size optimization and material lightweighting for the heat sink,and the lightweight selection of the amount of permanent magnets.By using finite element software,the various plans were further analyzed,compared and verified to ensure the use requirements include the working strength of the components and heat dissipation performance.At last,the retarder lightweight program was determined.While realizing the product "slimming",it provides ideas and references for the lightweight design of retarders in the future.