| In recent years,the casualties and property losses caused by fire in public buildings have continued to increase,which has posed a huge threat to the safety of people’s lives and property.Fire protection design is an important aspect of architectural design,which is of great significance for preventing building fires,reducing fire hazards,and protecting the safety of people’s lives and property.Besides,public buildings are characterized by complex internal structures,diverse personnel composition,high personnel density,and fixed exits in most cases,so in case of fire and other emergencies,personnel evacuation will face severe challenges.Therefore,it is necessary to study the optimization of fire protection design for public buildings to improve their evacuation performance.During the design stage,fire numerical simulation and evacuation simulation can display the fire development process and the emergency evacuation process in the virtual environment to improve the fire protection design of buildings with lower cost and higher efficiency.Although some studies have tried to apply BIM(Building Information Modeling)to fire simulation,the interoperability between BIM platform and fire simulation application still needs to be improved.Semantic enrichment for BIM helps to improve the interoperability between the BIM platform and other application platforms.Therefore,this paper integrates semantic enrichment for BIM,FDS(Fire Dynamics Simulator),and Agent to build a BIM-based fire evacuation simulation and design optimization framework for public buildings.The three core functional modules of the framework include FDS-based fire dynamics simulation,Agent-based evacuation simulation,and design optimization.This framework helps to improve the efficiency of constructing fire models and obtain more realistic fire status data to define evacuation scenes more accurately and meticulously.On this basis,the deficiencies of the original design scheme are analyzed according to the results of the fire simulation and evacuation simulation,and targeted design optimization is conducted to improve the evacuation performance of the building.Based on proving the influence of semantic enrichment for BIM on the results of the fire simulation,the validity of the proposed framework is verified through the archives project.A fire dynamic simulation combined with semantic enrichment for BIM is carried out,and an evacuation simulation environment is constructed based on the results of the fire simulation.The influence of the distribution of personnel,evacuation strategies,and the number of personnel on the evacuation movement time is studied through evacuation simulation experiments,and the evacuation performance of the original design scheme is evaluated.A series of design optimization measures are proposed from the perspectives of restraining the spread of fire and shortening the evacuation movement time,and the evacuation performance of the optimized scheme is evaluated again to prove the effectiveness of the optimization.The method proposed in this paper provides ideas for semantic enrichment for BIM related research based on fire simulation requirements,provides an efficient solution for the evaluation of evacuation performance for public buildings in the design stage,and also provides a basis for the renovation of the internal layout of buildings. |
