Research On Layout Optimization And Personnel On Fire Safety Evacuation Of Public Area Of Subway Station Based On BIM

In order to meet the evacuation function and basic service function of subway station under special circumstances,various layout schemes are often designed for vertical traffic space(escalators and elevators in public areas).When the evacuation facilities of each scheme are the same,the layout forms are different,and the evacuation capacities of each scheme are also different.Based on this,this paper takes a subway station in Shanghai as an example to optimize the layout of combining theoretical analysis,simulation analysis and case analysis to optimize the layout of vertical traffic space such as stairs and elevators in the public area of subway station,and studies the safety evacuation problem of subway station under fire.The main research contents and results are as follows :(1)By investigating the relevant building information of the subway station,the BIM model is constructed.In the original layout scheme,the evacuation ability cannot meet the safety evacuation of personnel in emergency situations.By adding an ascending escalator and recombining all vertical transportation facilities,the layout of public areas of subway stations is optimized,four different optimization schemes are proposed,and BIM models of each optimization scheme are established.(2)The BIM model is imported into Pathfinder evacuation simulation software to determine the evacuation number,gender composition,age,evacuation speed,shoulder width and personnel distribution according to the most unfavorable principle.By analyzing the 3D evacuation results,the evacuation capacity of different optimization schemes and related working conditions was analyzed from the layout form,evacuation time and congestion of vertical evacuation facilities,and the optimal evacuation capacity of optimization scheme3(double support + stair support + straight stair + double support + double stair)was determined.(3)Based on the analysis of evacuation capacity of each optimization scheme,the BIM model of the best layout scheme is imported into Pyro Sim fire simulation software for analysis,and the smoke concentration,smoke temperature and visibility are selected as the determination indexes to reach the critical value of danger.According to the fire simulation results,the critical value of different fire source locations to reach the dangerous state is determined.Using Pathfinder evacuation simulation software,the evacuation results of different fire source locations are obtained,and the evacuation ability of the best optimization scheme is verified to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel.In this paper,the layout of the public area of the subway station is optimized,and the subway station model is established by BIM technology.Based on the analysis of evacuation capacity,the best layout scheme of evacuation capacity is determined.The fire evacuation analysis is carried out for the best scheme of subway station public area layout.The necessary safety evacuation time is less than the available safety evacuation time under fire condition,and the scheme can evacuate safely under fire condition.