Research On The Electromagnetic Characteristics Of Vehicle Antennas

With the advancement of intelligent networked technology,vehicles as the current common vehicles are also following the intelligent pace.More and more intelligent functions and network functions are applied to vehicles,so the vehicle is reliable for communication links.Demand has become very urgent.The antenna acts as the primary communication device and its performance plays a crucial role in the reliability of the link.At present,the vehicle antenna not only needs to have better electromagnetic performance at the initial stage of design,but also needs to maintain good performance within the required working range when the vehicle metal frame is combined.In addition,many different kinds of antenna equipment and electrical equipment are often arranged on modern vehicles,which will form a complex electromagnetic environment to affect the antenna.At the same time,due to the limited space of the carrier,the placement of the antenna lacks certain flexibility.Interference has also become an important factor affecting the performance of vehicle antennas.At present,the electromagnetic performance of the vehicle antenna is considered less during the whole period of vehicle design research and real vehicle verification at home and abroad,and the performance of the vehicle antenna is neglected only by considering the individual performance of the antenna or only considering the design stage and neglecting the real vehicle test.At this stage,it is therefore particularly important to analyze the electromagnetic compatibility of the vehicle antenna with a reasonable and comprehensive analysis.In this thesis,the electromagnetic performance of vehicle antenna is studied systematically and comprehensively.Firstly,some commonly used vehicle antennas are modeled and calculated by simulation software,and the electromagnetic performance characteristics of each antenna are analyzed.Then,This thesis simplifies the car body model and combines the antenna with the car body model,simulates and analyses the antenna performance under the vehicle model,compares and summarizes the best installation position of each antenna,and reasonably plans the layout design of antenna.At the same time,considering that there is no relevant test standard and requirement for vehicle antenna at present,This thesis designs and summarizes a reasonable vehicle antenna test method to evaluate the performance of vehicle antenna combined with the traditional antenna test method and the characteristics of large vehicle volume and complex antenna distribution.Aiming at the problem of eccentricity of measured antenna in the course of vehicle antenna performance test,a method of eccentricity correction is designed by using space attenuation compensation and angle deviation correction,and is verified by simulation and experiment.Finally,this thesis combines the existing standards,and through the means of experiment and simulation,studies and analyses the electromagnetic environment impact of the vehicle antenna in the use process,enriches and improves the research system of the vehicle antenna electromagnetic performance.