| After entering the new century,with the rapid economic development and the promulgation and implementation of the new holiday system,China has gradually entered the era of leisure economy,and the continuous improvement of living standards has also made people’s leisure consciousness gradually grow stronger.The booming development of social economy,on the one hand,brings people diversified leisure environment,on the other hand,it also promotes the continuous innovation of science and technology.Internet big data provides new research methods and ideas for researchers of geography.To a certain extent,it makes up for the deficiency of micro description in traditional spatial data and can describe the behavior and activities of micro subjects in more detail.Scholars at home and abroad have explored all kinds of leisure facilities from multiple angles and achieved fruitful research results.Through the literature review,it is found that the overall spatial pattern of comprehensive leisure facilities still needs further study.At the same time,existing studies have not sorted out the leisure experience and feelings of consumers on the demand side for their opinions on the optimization of the pattern of leisure facilities,thus failing to clarify the public’s consumption orientation towards different leisure facilities.Based on the above background,this paper takes the leisure facilities in the ninth district of Chongqing as the research object.Firstly,by using POI geographic big data and combining with traditional monitoring data,various spatial metrological analysis methods are used to analyze the distribution quantitative structure characteristics of leisure facilities in the main urban area under different research years,different distances and elevations.And the spatial layout structure characteristics of the agglomeration degree,distribution density and direction of all kinds of leisure facilities,to clarify the evolution of the spatial and temporal pattern of all kinds of facilities.Secondly,based on the literature on the existing research results and the nature of leisure facilities and urban development,Chongqing urban area using geographic detector tools detection analysis to select the corresponding index,proven different factors on the impact strength of all kinds of recreational facilities,as well as the different influence factors in the study of variation characteristics in the time node.Finally,by combing the text data of the review,the word frequency characteristic table of the public leisure experience is constructed,and combined with the analysis results of the evolution characteristics of leisure facilities in the main urban area,suggestions on the optimization of the structure of facilities are proposed.Research shows that:(1)In combination with the quantity structure of leisure facilities and the tourism development planning goals of Chongqing,the main urban area has built a variety of leisure facilities through ten years of sustainable development,which can meet the different leisure needs of local residents and tourists,and basically meet the planning goals to create a landscape city leisure tourism destination image.In terms of quantity change characteristics,the number of leisure facilities in the main urban area of Chongqing presents an overall upward trend,among which the number of recreational facilities accounts for the largest proportion,with a total increase of10,552 in 10 years,becoming the main additional development object in the study area.The increase of special leisure facilities followed,with a total increase of 743,while the increase of cultural leisure facilities and leisure tourism facilities was small,and the change difference was not significant.As the distance increases,the number of facilities decreases gradually.They are mainly distributed in the five business districts of the city between 0 and 10 km,and at the low altitude of 200-300 m.The distribution distance and elevation of recreational facilities were similar to that of the population.Special leisure facilities are most widely distributed at 15 km,and have obvious growth trend at9 elevation levels,which are less restricted by elevation.Leisure and tourism facilities increased first,then decreased,and then increased with the increase of distance.The facilities were distributed at all 9 elevation levels,and the change was not significant at the three research time nodes.Cultural and leisure facilities are mainly distributed within the range of 0-5km,and are concentrated at the elevation of 200-300 m.(2)The overall nearest neighbor index of leisure facilities in the main urban area of Chongqing increased from 0.164 to 0.189,showing the characteristics of agglomeration distribution.In the kernel density analysis,the spatial structure of leisure facilities was polycentric,large agglomeration and small dispersion,which was similar to the spatial structure of urban polycentric cluster.The high-density areas are mainly concentrated in the five business districts and expand to the surrounding areas of the city,which belongs to a relatively typical core-edge diffusion spatial distribution pattern.And it has obvious directivity of distribution.Since the number of recreational facilities is the largest,the agglomeration characteristics and distribution direction of recreational facilities are similar to the general.The special leisure facilities are slightly weaker than the recreational facilities in the agglomeration characteristics,and the distribution range is gradually expanding,showing the characteristic of breaking through the east-west distribution pattern of Zhongliang Mountain and Tongluo Mountain.The cultural leisure and leisure tourism facilities show the characteristics of agglomeration-random distribution,and the agglomeration degree is weaker than the other two types of facilities.Among them,the nuclear density of cultural and leisure facilities is concentrated and the density is increasing.With the increase of cultural venues such as libraries and art galleries,the nuclear density is increasing and the distribution range is gradually shrinking.Due to the fixed nature of natural resources,the distribution direction of leisure and tourism facilities is more consistent with the landscape pattern,showing the spatial distribution characteristics of large dispersion and small agglomeration,and the change of nuclear density is not significant.(3)Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the spatial pattern change of leisure facilities in the main urban area of Chongqing,it is found that the influencing characteristics of the overall spatial evolution of leisure facilities in the main urban area of Chongqing are crowd orientation,traffic restriction and economic dependence.Analysis of specific types of leisure facilities,entertainment leisure class facilities impact factor of explanatory power and overall approximation,cultural and leisure facilities spatial distribution affected by traffic conditions and population characteristics significantly,in which the road density influence weakened gradually,increasing the distance from center,tourism revenue to its at the same time also has a strong explanatory power.The layout of leisure and tourism facilities is mainly controlled by traffic factors and demographic factors.The distribution of special leisure facilities is most significantly affected by demographic factors,followed by road density.The influence of per capita disposable income gradually increases over time.However,physical geographical factors have a weak explanatory power and influence effect on the evolution of the layout of various facilities.(4)Comprehensive the above research results,and use the public comments on web text content,respectively to the urban planners and leisure facilities investment operator: seven optimization for urban planners,first of all,according to the characteristics of their own advantages,planning and construction of city leisure main deputy center,second in the development of city leisure facilities at the same time should pay attention to urban landscape pattern,avoiding sprawl.Finally,we should focus on creating the city leisure business card,and use Tiktok and other short video software to strengthen the publicity of the city leisure image.For operators investing in leisure facilities,they should clarify the public’s preference for leisure consumption,fully understand the market rules,and avoid following the trend of investment.On this basis,they should pay attention to the location of facilities,improve the accessibility of various leisure facilities,and reduce travel costs.Secondly,facilities management can be combined with the characteristics of Chongqing,and try to develop the night leisure economy.At the same time,it is necessary to improve the service level and product quality in the operation of facilities,and improve the consumption environment of facilities to some extent,so that consumers can have a good leisure experience. |
