| Rural settlements are not only a spatial carrier for farmers’ production and life,but also an important guarantee for rural revitalization and sustainable development.The report of the 20 th Party Congress proposes to purse the priority development of agriculture and rural areas,the integrated development of urban and rural areas,the smooth flow of urban and rural elements and a reasonable spatial layout of rural settlements,which are conducive to the optimization of national land space and the coordinated development of urban and rural areas.However,as the grassroots unit in institutional governance,the township is an important engine for promoting rural revitalization in the region.At the same time,there are obvious differences between streets and townships in terms of administrative institutional structure,management mode and economic development methods,and the spatial layout of rural settlements within their jurisdictions and the factors influencing them also differ significantly.Therefore,First of all,this study took the rural settlements of the towns(streets and townships)in the Wuhan metropolitan area as the study area,integrates the theories of landscape ecology,intensive land use,regional differentiation and rural spatial reconstruction,measured the spatial pattern characteristics of the rural settlements in terms of spatial scale and spatial distribution respectively,and conducted a comparative analysis of the differences.Then,a four-dimensional system of influencing factors of “spatial endowment—spatial intensity—spatial location—policy factors” was constructed,and spatial econometric models and spatial analysis methods were used to explore the mechanism of influencing the spatial pattern of rural settlements in the Wuhan metropolitan area.Finally,the natural breaks method was used for zoning,and a differentiated optimization model was proposed according to the characteristics of different regions.The results of the study show that the spatial pattern of rural settlements in streets and townships in the Wuhan metropolitan area shows a large difference.Among them,the rural settlements in the township area are generally of a certain scale,which show a group distribution and have the typical characteristics of new rural construction.However,some rural settlements still exist within the streets,and the patches are fragmented and vary significantly in spatial scale,showing a dotted or striped distribution.The modelling results of the influencing factors show that natural resource endowment is a decisive factor influencing the spatial pattern of rural settlements at the township scale,and the demand for agricultural production is an important factor influencing the spatial pattern characteristics of rural settlements in streets and townships.At the same time,the development of special industries has brought about a further differentiation in the spatial pattern characteristics of the rural settlements of the streets and towns.The streets take over the transfer of industries and carry out further processing of special industries,so the phenomenon of local urbanization is more prominent,and the natural resource endowment and social and economic development also continue to influence the evolution of the development of their rural settlements.At the same time the development of special industries has brought about a further differentiation of the spatial pattern characteristics of the rural settlements of the streets and towns,with the streets taking over the transfer of industries and carrying out further processing of special industries.As a result,local urbanization is more prominent,and natural resource endowments and social and economic development continue to influence the evolution of their rural settlements.In general,the spatial scale and spatial distribution of rural settlements within the jurisdictions of streets and towns in the Wuhan metropolitan area,represented by the Wuhan metropolitan area,vary greatly,and are closely related to the natural endowment,population and industrial layout,as well as the location conditions of the area.The transformation of industry and optimization of spatial layout at the township scale can drive the evolution of the spatial layout of its rural settlements,promote the efficient use of land resources in the metropolitan area,improve the living standards of farmers,and promote the revitalization of the regional countryside and the integrated development of urban and rural areas.In general,The spatial scale and spatial distribution of rural settlements within the jurisdictions of the streets and towns of the metropolitan area represented by the Wuhan metropolitan area varies considerably,for reasons closely related to regional natural endowments,population and industrial layouts,as well as location conditions.With the transformation of industry and optimisation of spatial layout at the township scale,it can drive the evolution of the spatial layout of its rural settlements,promote the efficient use of land resources in the metropolitan area,improve the living standards of farmers,and promote the revitalisation of the regional countryside and the integrated development of urban and rural areas. |
