Optimization Of Winter Color Plant Landscape In Urban Parks In Less Sunshine Area

With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of the quality of life,people’s requirements for the recreational environment are gradually increasing.The colorful plant landscape in winter can break the depression in winter,alleviate people’s bad mood,increase the recognition of urban parks,and improve people’s sense of security.However,due to the lack of sunshine in winter in Chongqing,colorful plants are more prone to lack of aesthetics.In order to improve the application quality of the colorful plant landscape in areas with little sunshine and to arouse the mood of winter visitors.Based on the analysis of the leading factors that influence the creation of colorful plant landscapes in winter,this article selects 15 urban parks in Chongqing as the research objects to investigate the types,adaptability and light demand of colorful plants in urban parks,plant application forms,and tourists’ satisfaction and demand.After analyzing the results of the field survey,combined with AHP-GARP to comprehensively evaluate 69 groups of colorful plant landscapes,and then apply and analyze high-quality colorful plant landscapes and poor colorful plant landscapes,and finally focus on the lack of colorful plant landscapes in Chongqing.The optimization strategy of colorful plant landscape in areas with little sunshine is proposed.The specific conclusions are as follows:(1)The soil p H in Chongqing is more conducive to the coloring of colorful plants,but the temperature,light conditions and soil in winter are not conducive to their coloring.Especially under the influence of topography and geomorphology,Chongqing is foggy in winter,cloud cover is large,wind speed is low,and the natural light environment in winter is poor.The low light in winter affects the morphological establishment and color perception of colored plants.Low light stress leads to the lengthening of colored plants,which are also more prone to yellowing and death.Low light also affects people’s physical and mental health.The elderly are prone to seasonal affective disorder and lack of direction in winter when there is insufficient light.The natural light in Chongqing in winter is more red light,while blue light and ultraviolet light are less.Under the influence of this kind of light quality,colorful plants are prone to the phenomenon that the leaves become larger,elongated,and the sense of color is weakened.(2)There are 104 species of colorful plants in winter in Chongqing urban parks,belonging to 65 families and 96 genera.The number of colorful plants in urban parks is different,and there are few colorful plants in some mountain parks.In terms of the ornamental characteristics of colorful plants,the colors mainly come from leaves and flowers,and some parks do not have fruit-viewing and branch-viewing colorful plants.From the perspective of the ornamental nature of the leaves,the foliage colored plants are mainly the ever-colored leaves.From the perspective of leaf pigments,the foliage colored plants are mainly ever-colored leaves and variegated leaves.In terms of life form,shrubs and herbaceous colored plants account for a larger proportion.In terms of application frequency,58 kinds of colored plants appear less than 3 times,and the colored plant resources have not been fully used.Analyze the color of colorful plants,in terms of overall color composition,mainly yellow and red.The main color of foliage-like color plants is yellow,and the major color of flower-like color plants is red;in terms of the color composition of various parks,red is the most used in each park.And white,yellow,and purple plants are not fully used;in terms of color continuity,71 kinds of colorful plants have good color continuity.In terms of adaptability and light demand,the introduced colored plants are obviously less adaptable than the native colored plants,and 91.3% of the colored plants are light-loving.(3)On-site questionnaire survey results show that tourists tend to be dissatisfied with the species richness,color variety,color source richness,and color continuity of colored plants.In terms of the main color demand for the color plant landscape,27.5%,25.6 % And 19.6% of tourists think that yellow,red,and orange should be used as the main colors.(4)Use AHP-GRAP to comprehensively evaluate the color application of colorful plant landscapes.To obtain the color plant landscape in winter,it is necessary to pay attention to the coordination with the surrounding environment.In addition,the richness of the color source of the color plant landscape,the richness of the color types,the color brightness and the color continuity are also very important.When colorful plant landscapes,you need to pay more attention to these main influencing factors,so as to improve the ornamental nature of winter colorful plant landscapes.Analyzing 69 groups of colorful plant landscapes combined with the gray correlation method,it is found that there are few colorful plant landscapes in the covered space,vertical space and enclosed space in urban parks.After grading and evaluation,it was found that the color effect of more colorful plant landscapes is good or poor,and the winter color plant landscape needs to be enhanced.Analyzing the level III color plant landscape,the problems of the poor color plant landscape in winter include: the color plant space canopy closure is too high,the color plant landscape is not prominent enough,and the color sustainability of the color plant landscape is not strong.(5)Aiming at the shortcomings obtained from the color plant landscape survey and application evaluation of urban parks,from the three aspects of main color selection,color plant selection and plant application,an optimization strategy to improve the color plant landscape is proposed.In the choice of the main color of the colorful plant landscape,warm colors should be the main color of the colorful plant landscape in urban parks in areas with low sunshine.Color plants should choose plants with good adaptability and strong sense of color,color plants with strong persistence,and color plants with negative tolerance.In plant application,it is necessary to optimize the proportion of evergreen plants and deciduous plants,combine the size and type of the space,and carry out necessary thinning and shaping to ensure that the colorful plant landscape is open and comfortable;the colorful plant landscape of mountain parks should be combined with topography and slope.In addition,it is also necessary to increase the application and development of colored plants.The application of existing colored plants should be increased,with emphasis on the development of native colored plants.