Investigation And Research On The Construction Technique Of Traditional Residential Buildings At The Southern Foot Of Yinshan Mountain In Hubao Area

Traditional Chinese dwellings are the crystallization of the coexistence of ancient people and nature.The study of traditional dwellings can learn the thinking methods of predecessors in dealing with the environment,so as to apply them to new architectural practice.Traditional dwellings are related to the quality of life of some groups.According to different national cultures,geographical locations and climatic characteristics,they have formed different styles of buildings with different local characteristics,which are valuable material and cultural heritages in China.At present,with the rapid development of rural urbanization,many traditional dwellings are facing the crisis of dilapidation,collapse,demolition and reconstruction,and the regional cultural characteristics will soon disappear,so it is urgent to inherit and protect traditional dwellings.Mountain foothill area village are mostly in the Ming and qing dynasties and the characteristics of jin shan immigrants now villages,so that the area formed by the Inner Mongolia and the integration of jin shan area of agriculture and animal husbandry culture,village of history has a certain mark,so the region of traditional village construction techniques were studied with the meaning of sustainable development.This paper takes the traditional dwellings at the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain in Inner Mongolia as the research object,and adopts research methods such as data research,field investigation,interview and survey to investigate the spatial form and architectural characteristics of the regional villages,the structural composition and construction process and methods of the traditional dwellings.First of all,this paper elaborates the social history,natural culture and general situation of the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain through the reference of data.It finds that the local villages were formed under the background of immigration movement,and their dwellings evolved from simplified products of Shanxi and Shaanxi dwellings into traditional dwellings with strong local characteristics under the gradual adaptation to the local environment.Secondly,the key villages,typical villages and representative villages in the southern foothills of Yinshan Mountain were investigated for several times to grasp the current situation of the indigenous folk dwellings in the local villages,and it was determined that the local folk dwellings were mainly one-shaped and the buildings were three-purlin mixed civil folk dwellings.Then,through the interview of artisans and the measurement data of folk dwellings,the structural composition of traditional folk dwellings is analyzed,and the structural mode,material composition and detail node location are respectively studied and sorted from the sub-items of the building system.Finally,through interviews with craftsmen and on-site records,the process of house construction can be divided into seven steps,including preparation for house construction,foundation construction,frame installation,wall masonry,roof construction,door and window installation,and interior decoration.The specific process,construction method and technology in these steps are analyzed in detail.Through systematic investigation and analysis,the author recorded the basic construction activities of traditional dwellings in the southern foothills of Yinshan Mountain,providing certain reference value for the repair of traditional dwellings and making up the relevant materials of traditional dwellings’ construction skills,so as to hope that the construction skills will continue to be inherited as the carrier of regional culture.