Design Method Research For Rapid Plan Generation And Part Selection Optimization Of Prefabricated Buildings

As a new type of industrialized green building,prefabricated buildings were strongly supported and promoted in China in recent years.However,the existing prefabricated building design is often dominated by construction companies.It focuses on structural issues while ignoring the differences from the current building design and construction method,which fails to make the design process transfer from the designbuild mode to design-production-installation mode.The potential of the prefabricated building technology has not fully explored at present,and the synergistic effect of multiple parts is not fully exerted,so that it cannot take advantage of the standardization of assembled building components,high construction efficiency,controllable quality,and low manual workload.These advantages can be achieved through computer algorithm by loading the information of the prefabricated parts into design process to achieve the comprehensive performance analysis and simulation result reporting.The integration of methods can further improve the design speed of prefabricated buildings.Load pre-construction parts information to realize digital rapid information retrieval and parts integration,becoming an important means to achieve comprehensive analysis and rapid generation of building performance.Therefore,the main targets in this research is to find the method to improve the efficiency of the prefabricated building design,and to assist the architectural designer to optimize the layout and select the parts automatically.This article is mainly divided into the following aspects:Firstly,through the methods of literature review,actual research,and corporate interviews,the development bottlenecks and problems of prefabricated buildings were sorted out.The feasibility of combining different parametric design platforms with prefabricated buildings is analyzed.Secondly,statistical analysis is made on the planar composition and information of prefabricated buildings,and in-depth prototype deduction is made from the structural system,residential properties,and layout parameters that affect the building plan.Based on the analysis of building typology,based on the principle of modulus coordination,a typical functional space model was established by inducing spatial relationships and variable thresholds of various parameters.A Grasshopper optimization platform was set up to provide a research basis for the parametric design of prefabricated houses.Thirdly,according to the typical model built by Grasshopper optimization platform,the Honeybee energy consumption simulation plug-in and Galapagos optimization algorithm are used to optimize the minimum energy consumption.The building shape coefficient,window-to-wall ratio,length-to-width ratio,exterior facing area,and space are used.The staggered length is an optimization variable to optimize the spatial layout of typical cities in the five thermal sub-regions,and the results are analyzed using SPSS.The optimal floor layout in different regions and the influence of different variables on building energy consumption are obtained.And weights.Finally,summarize the energy-saving components and components of prefabricated buildings,and establish a parameterized component library of the envelope structure(walls,windows,and roofs).The raw material cost and energy consumption are the objective functions,and the optimized typical model is used as the basis.Using Octopus multi-objective optimization plug-in to optimize component selection,the optimal solution set of component integration of fabricated buildings without facing the lower envelope structure was obtained.This study improves the design efficiency of prefabricated buildings,reduces the design cost,and improves the energy-saving level of prefabricated buildings.It provides research methods and design ideas for parametric analysis of prefabricated buildings,which is conducive to the promotion of prefabricated buildings.