Research On The Design Method Of Composite Care Facilities For Old And Child Based On The Reconstruction Of Idle School In Countryside

With the decrease of the school-age population in rural areas and the reorganization and integration of rural schools in China,a large number of rural schools are left unused,resulting in a waste of resources.At the same time,the l shortage of rural elderly care facilities and the lack of characteristics of nursery facilities are prominent.From the perspective of the reconstruction of rural idle schools,this paper explores the method of composite design of elderly care facilities and nursery facilities,hoping to revitalize rural idle resources effectively,promote the construction of a new elderly care model,improve the quality of rural elderly care,and create a more favorable growth environment for rural children.The research mainly consists of 5 parts:Firstly,this paper analyzes the similarity and complementarity of the behavioral psychological needs of rural elderly and children through literature research;Secondly,through field research,this paper summarizes the general planning and architectural characteristics of rural idle schools,as well as the main existing problems of elderly care facilities and nursery facilities.And then through questionnaire survey,this paper summarizes the willingness and needs of rural residents for the elderly and nursery as well as the willingness and demand for the composite design of elderly care facilities and nursery facilities.Thirdly,through the case study,on the one hand,4 kinds of composite modes of elderly care facilities and nursery facilities are summarized,including independent,side-by-side,cascading,and hybrid,and then 13 kinds of spatial composite modes of composite care facilities for old and child are explored.On the other hand,this paper summarizes 4 kinds of methods for the reconstruction of idle schools,including function replacement,function addition,space separation,and space reorganization,and analyzes the difficulties and solutions in the reconstruction of idle schools from 5 aspects: function,space,structure,image and memory of the campus.Then,through literature research,this paper puts forward the target positioning of rural composite care facilities for old and child,and summarizes the adaptability between rural idle schools and composite care facilities for old and child from 3 aspects: site selection,site planning and architectural design through comparative analysis.Finally,based on the above-mentioned research,and in view of the the problem of how to rebuild rural idle schools into composite care facilities for old and child,the paper proposes 5 principles,including adapting measures to local conditions and school conditions,making full use of existing school buildings,continuing campus memory,focusing on the needs of the elderly and children,and being relatively independent and interactive.And then this article summarizes the specific reconstruction design methods of site planning and design,exclusive space design of elderly care facilities,exclusive space design of nursery and kindergarten facilities,composite space design,and structural reinforcement design.