Research On The Architectural Design Of Zhou Dynasty’s Ancestral Temple From The Perspective Of Sacrificial Rites

The sacrificial ceremony of the ancestral temple is the "great event of the state" in the Zhou Dynasty,which runs through the traditional five rituals of auspicious,ferocious,courteous,military and Jiali.The ancestral temple is the main place of sacrifice in the Zhou Dynasty.Each kind of etiquette contains a set of space order with strict order and clear meaning.This order had a profound impact on the social stability and development of the Zhou Dynasty.However,for a long time,the current research in the academic circle mainly focuses on the process,significance and social impact of the sacrificial rites of the Zhou Dynasty,and the research on the architecture of the Zhou Dynasty focuses on the archaeology of ritual vessels,building materials and practices.The research on the relationship between sacrificial rites and temple buildings in Zhou Dynasty has not been paid enough attention.This paper takes the sacrificial rites of the Zhou Dynasty and the site of the Zhou Dynasty as the research object.In the aspect of temple architecture in Zhou Dynasty,the research has been carried out on the site of Yuntang West Zhou Architecture in Fufeng County,Shaanxi Province,the site of group a architecture in fengchu village,Qishan County,Shaanxi Province,and the site of Majiazhuang No.1 architecture group in Fengxiang County,Shaanxi Province.In the aspect of sacrificial rites of the temple in Zhou Dynasty,the documents of rites in Zhou Dynasty are recorded,such as Zhouli,Yili,Liji,Zuozhuan,etc.Based on the data,this paper studies the rites of Guanli,betrothal rites,Jinli and Shili,which are in line with the user level of the temple site and have detailed records of the rites process.Through the graphical analysis of the etiquette process of Guanli,betrothal gift,Jinli,and Shili in different ancestral temple buildings,this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the fixed position,functional division and streamline organization of the etiquette activities in the space of the ancestral temple buildings,and explores the relationship between the sacrificial etiquette of the Zhou Dynasty and the spatial scale of the ancestral temple buildings of the Zhou Dynasty,as well as the impact on the society of the Zhou Dynasty.In this paper,a comprehensive study of architecture,archaeology,culturology,history and other disciplines is carried out to describe the changes of Guanli,betrothal gifts,Jinli and Shili in the sacrificial rites of the Zhou Dynasty into visual figures.Through in-depth analysis of the specific rituals,the relationship between the location of personnel and articles,the division of functional areas,and the area of personnel activities,this paper explores the axisymmetric layout of the sacrificial rituals space and the building of the ancestral temple in the Zhou Dynasty,the concept of respect and inferiority in the Zhou Society,the progressive sacrificial space,the social system of the Zhou Dynasty based on the patriarchal system,and the connection with the thought of the book of changes Department.From the functional point of view,the paper makes a deep study on the spatial scale of the Zhou Dynasty temple building.At the same time,it has a return to the original meaning of etiquette in the future trend of contemporary Temple architectural design,and also has a certain enlightenment significance for contemporary Temple architectural design.