| Children are the future of the country and the city.Child health is an important factor for the competitiveness of the country and the city.Outdoor activities are an important factor for protecting the physical and mental health of children.As most cities in China are dominated by high-density development,children ’s lack of outdoor activity space,single amusement facilities,and poor safety and other factors have caused children ’s outdoor activity frequency and time to continue to decrease.As the United Nations calls for "child-friendly" cities,the construction of "child-friendly" cities has attracted the attention of the state and society.As the main place for children’s outdoor activities,the open space in the residential block is of great significance for creating a child-friendly environment.Child-friendliness involves children’s psychological,behavioral characteristics,space environment and other factors.This study takes Heping District of Tianjin City as the research object,through questionnaire interview,spatial analysis,mathematical statistics and other methods.In order to scientifically promote children-friendly construction in open spaces of residential blocks.And studies the characteristics of children’s activities in open spaces of different types of blocks,the evaluation of children’s and parents’ friendliness to open spaces,and the characteristics of support for activities in open spaces of typical residential blocks.Furthermore,it puts forward the optimization strategy of children-friendly residential district open space.Through the research,it is found that children’s outdoor activities in Heping District are characterized by younger age,time interval,gathering of the same age,aimlessness and gradually increasing activity radius with age.The evaluation of children’s friendliness in open space of residential blocks found that there were differences in cognition between children and parents.Parents pay more attention to space safety and environmental suitability.Children pay more attention to the interest and psychological comfort of space.Accessibility is valued by both parents and children.Environmental factors such as road safety,spatial accessibility,population density,shade of trees,and social factors such as parents’ attitudes and neighborhood environment affect children’s willingness to engage in activities.Analysis of Children’s Friendly Situation in Open Space of Typical Residential Districts in Different Ages.Residential blocks built after 2000 have improved children’s activity space by restricting the movement of motor vehicles,dividing special zones for children’s activities,optimizing residential environment,etc.Most of the residential areas built before 2000 have problems such as insufficient space for children to move,poor environment,monotonous facilities,parking and other problems.Analysis of other stopping points for children found that parks are the main places for children’s activities.However,it also has problems such as insufficient activity facilities and potential safety hazards.Opening up the school’s activity space can effectively alleviate the problem of insufficient activity space for children.There are some problems in the roads outside the residential area,such as too fast speed,parking occupying children’s activity space,etc.In order to create an open space environment for child-friendly living blocks,guided by the principles of safe optimization,comfortable and diverse space,and participation in space optimization.Propose a strategy to create a safe street by reducing vehicle speed and traffic flow,reusing space along the street,and establishing a "children’s travel path".Flexible open space design strategies for complex space utilization,safe construction of settlements,and childlike atmosphere.Enriching the level of open space and improving the space system to build a child-friendly space network strategy.Promote children’s participation in planning and design,and enhance children’s sense of identification with residential blocks. |
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