Research On The Design Of Child-Friendly Residential Public Space Under The Background Of Pratt And Childcare

The high-density living environment accompanied by rapid urbanization not only compresses children’s growth space,but also increases the difficulty of parents’ care,thereby affecting family fertility intentions.Therefore,in the context of aging population and Subreplacement fertility,the development of children’s Sister city(communities)in China should not only be "child friendly" but also "care friendly".Chinese urban children mainly live in semi enclosed residential areas,and the public spaces in residential areas have unique advantages in terms of convenience,safety,etc.They are the main places for children’s extracurricular activities and parents to take care of their children.Although children are the main user group of public spaces in residential areas,they have not been given enough attention for a long time.The spatial planning and configuration are still mainly based on adult space,and children’s activity spaces are generally small and lack attractiveness.The facilities of community childcare spaces are also scarce and have not played their due role.Therefore,from the perspective of ensuring the healthy growth of children and reducing the pressure of child care,this article introduces the inclusive childcare service system and the concept of child friendliness to construct a public space in residential areas that is suitable for children and has rich functions.After clarifying the research contents and methods,the paper first studies the theory of child friendly community.According to the basic framework of the United Nations Sister city for children and the policy guidance of the Sister city for children with Chinese characteristics,and in combination with the hierarchical positioning of residential areas in urban space and the current situation of the built residential areas,the paper summarizes and divides the elements of building child friendly residential areas into three levels: basic security,multi-functional activities and out of school activities.At the same time,continue to study the connotation and internal requirements of inclusive childcare services,and clarify the construction path of their residential areas.Subsequently,the development path,requirements,and methods for the twoway integration of child friendly and inclusive childcare services in residential areas were summarized.On this basis,further research will be conducted to analyze the real needs of children and their caregivers for space based on the characteristics of children of different age groups and different childcare modes.Theory needs to be tested through practice.The Shuixiangyuan community is selected as a case study to collect and analyze the spatial status,resident information,spatial behavior,spatial evaluation,and other information of the Shuixiangyuan community through behavior observation,questionnaire survey,and interviews,and to summarize the existing problems of the Shuixiangyuan community.Based on the theory of inclusive service connotation and the construction elements of child friendliness,combined with the actual situation,problems,and needs of Shuixiangyuan community,propose strategies and methods for updating the design.Finally,based on theoretical research results and on-site research results,a design practice was conducted using Shuixiangyuan Community as an example.The current market-oriented childcare supply is imbalanced and insufficient.By transforming existing public spaces in residential areas and providing affordable and highquality childcare and custody services,the universal childcare service system will be enriched from the supply side to benefit more middle and low-income families.The article is based on the theory of child friendliness,introduces the connotation of inclusive childcare,matches different types of public spaces in residential areas with the main childcare modes,and proposes design strategies and methods for building a fusion of childcare spaces and childcare spaces.This provides a reference for exploring the path of creating child-friendly spaces suitable for China’s national conditions and constructing inclusive childcare and custody spaces in the context of aging.