| In China,the number of traffic accidents and deaths at intersections accounts for a relatively high proportion among all traffic accident types,among which uncontrolled intersections are more concerned by the traffic safety field.Uncontrolled intersections are usually distributed on urban roads or rural roads with less traffic flow.There are no traffic lights,traffic signs,etc.,and no detailed road channelization design.It has low traffic but complicated traffic conflicts.Moreover,drivers involved in the traffic conflict have the phenomenon of mutual influence and game decision-making in the process of conflict avoidance.This process is full of unsafe factors,easy to lead to the occurrence of traffic accidents.From the perspective of drivers,this paper focuses on the interactive collision avoidance behavior of drivers at uncontrolled intersections and deeply analyzes its behavior mechanism.At the same time,in view of the particularity of uncontrolled intersections,this study provides a design idea of a visual vehicle collision avoidance warning system based on the Internet of Vehicles technology.The fog is introduced as an environmental interference factor,and the traffic conflict environment at uncontrolled intersections is simulated by using driving simulation experiments.Different from previous driving simulation experiments,this experiment can obtain multi-driver interactive driving behavior data with the help of The Multi-User Driving Simulation,which is helpful to further explore the rules and decision-making mechanism of drivers’ interactive behavior under the influence of external interference and auxiliary influence.Firstly,based on the literature review and the theoretical study of driving behavior at uncontrolled intersections,a three-stage framework of driver collision avoidance process was proposed.Then,a driving simulation experiment was designed with fog and warning as the main control variables.Based on the experimental data,the characteristics of drivers’ collision avoidance behaviors are analyzed by stages,and the behavior rules and decision-making mechanism of drivers under the effect of early warning are revealed for different fog conditions and different driving behaviors of other conflict vehicles.Then,the risk of uncontrolled intersection conflict was divided into four categories by systematic clustering,and the influence of external interference and auxiliary factors on the degree of conflict risk was further analyzed by multiple Logistic regression model,and the association rules between upstream collision avoidance behavior and the degree of conflict risk were explored.Finally,a short-term forecasting model of driving behavior based on interactive characteristic parameters is proposed.This paper mainly draws the following conclusions: it was feasible to carry out driving simulation experiments based on multiple online driving simulation devices and the experimental data can be analyzed;In warning effect research,based on vehicle networking technology visual vehicle collision avoidance warning system design could greatly improve safety in foggy weather environment,shorten the decision-making of driver reaction time,and made the driver more sensitive to the driving state of the other conflict vehicle.The warning also promoted drivers to choose more active ways to avoid collision,which had a positive effect on reducing the risk of conflict.In terms of the decision-making mechanism of driving behavior,drivers mainly took the distance difference and time difference between their own vehicle and other vehicles to the intersection as the basis of initial decision-making.In terms of association rules between collision avoidance behavior and collision risk,the average acceleration/deceleration speed and the position of action point in collision avoidance behavior determined the final degree of collision risk.In the aspect of driving behavior prediction,the short-time prediction model based on random forest algorithm had high accuracy. |
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