| Intersections bring together traffic flows in multiple directions,where traffic conditions are complex.Among them,traffic conflicts are more frequent at uncontrolled intersections due to the lack of traffic control facilities.In addition,vehicle collision accidents caused by drivers'failure to avoid collision timely or effectively in the face of conflict are common,endangering traffic safety.In order to effectively guide the driver's collision avoidance behavior and ensure the traffic safety at uncontrolled intersections,optimizing sight distance design of the intersection and developing collision avoidance warning technology are the safety measures with certain foundation and good development prospect at present.This paper takes the potential conflict between two vehicles at uncontrolled intersections as the basic scenario,using multiple online interactive driving simulation devices to design and carry out driving simulation experiments,to explore two conflict drivers'collision avoidance behavior mechanism as well as the influence of sight distance condition and warning function on the process and result of avoiding collision.In this paper,an interactive collision avoidance behavior model of two conflict drivers at uncontrolled intersections considering the influence of warning function is established to depict the collision avoidance decision-making process where both two drivers in a conflict situation are observing and interacting with each other.In the study of the influence of sight distance condition and warning function on driver's collision avoidance behavior,it is found that whether there are sight blocking obstacles in the peripheral area of the sight triangle has a significant impact on two key variables:the reaction time distance and the minimum collision distance.The reaction time distance and the minimum collision distance under the condition of no sight blocking obstacle are obviously larger than the value under the condition of existing some sight blocking obstacles.Whether a warning function is provided for drivers has a significant impact on several key variables.When the warning function is provided,drivers show greater reaction time distance,more active collision avoidance action,greater average speed and speed fluctuation,lower collision rate and greater minimum collision distance.By comparing two safety measures of providing more sufficient sight distance condition and providing collision avoidance warning function,it is found that the provision of warning has more significant influence on the driver's collision avoidance behavior and the collision avoidance result.The basic reason is that the warning function provides drivers with more timely,accurate and direct-viewing information about the potential conflict through the on-board warning interface.In essence,it changes the way drivers obtain conflict information and affects their collision avoidance behavior patterns,thus improving the timeliness and effectiveness of collision avoidance measures.In the study of driver's collision avoidance decision-making process,it is'found that when the warning function was not provided,drivers could capture more distance information about the conflict situation they were in,such as the current distance of the vehicle,the current distance of the other vehicle,the difference between two distances and the distance between two vehicles,and then made the current collision avoidance decision to adjust the collision avoidance speed accordingly.When providing the warning function,drivers could capture more information about the conflict vehicle's speed and acceleration in addition to the distance information,and then made their collision avoidance decision based on this.This phenomenon further reflects that the warning function can enrich drivers' access to information of the conflict vehicles,improve the accuracy and diversity of the information obtained by the drivers,and assist them to carry out more effective collision avoidance actions. |
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