Research On The Optimization Of Village Layout At County Scale

Optimizing the spatial layout of the village is an important part of the county territorial space planning.On the premise of carrying out ecological protection and construction suitability evaluation,analyzing the spatial interaction between villages and construction conditions in combination with regional characteristics to optimize the spatial layout of villages is an important way to achieve overall planning and improve the rural living environment.The fragility of the ecological environment,the complexity of the topography,the scattered distribution of residential areas,and the backwardness of infrastructure construction make it difficult to optimize the layout of villages in the Weibei arid plateau area.It is urgent to explore ways to optimize the layout of villages that are compatible with the current development conditions and regional environmental factors.Based on the above background,this article takes Chengcheng County,which has the typical landforms of the Weibei arid plateau area,as an example,discusses the status quo of village development in terms of population size and structure,land use types,and spatial pattern of rural settlements;On the basis of prioritizing the identification of the most important areas of ecological protection in the county,the MCR model is used to evaluate the suitability of village construction and analyze the village space optimization potential;Furthermore,the gravitational model is used to explore the spatial interaction of villages and construct a spaces hierarchical structure system of village.Finally,according to location conditions and resource endowments,the villages of different spatial levels are classified,and optimization suggestions are put forward.The main results are as follows:(1)The continuous decrease of rural population in Chengcheng County,the emigration of a large number of young laborers,and unreasonable land use have caused problems such as inconvenience of residents’ lives,low agricultural production efficiency and increased ecological security risks;The results of the MCR model show that the suitable area for village construction in Chengcheng County presents the characteristics of spatial agglomeration,which mainly constitutes four large-scale suitable construction areas: Fengyuan Group,Wangzhuang Group,Central City Group and Weizhuang Group.On the whole,the superior construction suitability conditions provide more possibilities for the optimization of the spatial layout of villages in Chengcheng County.(2)After fully cognizing the current situation and the necessity of layout adjustment,the village space gravity is measured with the aid of the gravity model.The results show that,affected by the distance and terrain factors,the space gravity decays with the increase of distance,and the administrative villages can only exert gravity in a small space;the villages with large total gravitational value and maximum gravitational connection number greater than or equal to 3 include Fengyuan Village,Liuzhuo Village,Nanshe Village,Xiejia Village,Tiezhuang Village,Zhaozhuang Village,Wangzhuang Village,Yaotou Village and Yuejiazhuang Village;Although the total gravitational value of some villages is small,because there are no villages with higher gravitational value around them,more maximum gravitational connections are formed instead.(3)Combining the total gravitational value and the maximum gravitational connection number,the spatial hierarchical structure system of the villages in Chengcheng County is initially constructed,and it is adjusted according to the actual situation.The adjusted result is:There are 13 villages in the first level,including Fengyuan Village,Anli Village,Jiaodao Village,Xiejia Village,Weizhuang Village,Zhaozhuang Village,Wangzhuang Village,Yaotou Village,Zhuangtou Village,Liuzhuo Village,Nanshe Village,Tiezhuang Village and Yuejiazhuang Village,22 villages at level II and 118 villages at level III.(4)According to the social and economic status quo,location conditions and resource endowments,further classify the villages of each spatial level.The classification results are as follows: all villages at level I are regarded as central villages;7 villages in level II adjacent to the township are suburban integration villages,15 villages far away from towns are coordinated developmen villagest;among the third-level villages,6 villages with special protected resources are in-situ protection villages,93 villages without special resources but with advantageous development conditions are in-situ development villages,and 19 villages that have no obvious advantages in terms of scale,location,natural environment and resource endowment are relocation and merged villages.(5)Finally,based on the typical characteristics of various villages,the village space optimization strategy of "center village as the core,suburban integrated villages as the nodes of towns and villages,and coordinated development villages are used to drive in-situ development and in-situ protection villages to build facilities sharing groups" was put forward.In addition,the Voronoi diagram can be used to delineate the adjustment scope of relocated and merged villages,and the villages can be moved to suitable construction areas without crossing the administrative boundaries of the town.