Study On The Spatial Layout Optimization Strategy Of Rural Settlements Based On Residential Suitability

In the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy,the issue of land use in rural settlements has always been the focus.For a long time,problems such as the scattered layout of rural settlements and low land use efficiency have seriously restricted rural development and caused great obstacles to the promotion of urban-rural integration.Optimizing the spatial layout of rural settlements is not only conducive to the intensive use of rural land,but also provides a guarantee for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.In this paper,Dangyang City,located in the central and western part of Hubei Province,was selected as the research area,and the plaque of rural settlements was selected as the research object.Based on land use survey data,local planning data,network data and field research,the spatial differentiation characteristics of rural settlements were analyzed by GIS spatial analysis method,nearest nearest distance method and kernel density estimation method.On this basis,on the one hand,the rural living circle is constructed with the existing public service facilities as the center,and the level of residential suitability is identified through the circle range.On the other hand,a total of 14 indicators from nature,location and socio-economy were selected to construct a layout suitability evaluation index system,and the optimization types of rural settlements were determined by combining the evaluation results of the two,and corresponding optimization strategies were proposed.The main findings are:(1)Spatial differentiation characteristics of rural settlements.Affected by multiple factors,rural settlements in Dangyang City mainly show the characteristics of "concentration,supplementation by scattering,and gathering in scattered".In terms of spatial distribution,rural settlements are more concentrated in Yuyang Street and Yuquan Street in the central part and Wangdian Town and Banyue Town in the southwest,and Caobu Lake Town in the northwest mountainous area and southeast corner.(2)Analysis of living suitability based on rural living circle.The circle range of rural living circle is a direct reflection of the suitability of residential areas in the area,and the area and number of settlements covered within the 10-minute walking living circle and 15-minute motorcycle living circle vary greatly,and the residential areas with high agglomeration degree and large patch scale are more suitable.(3)Evaluation of the suitability of rural settlements.The overall suitability of rural settlements in Dangyang City is good,and this paper divides the suitability into five types: high,high,average,low and low.Rural settlements located in medium and high suitable areas accounted for 73.89% of the total area,and residential areas located in low suitable areas accounted for 11.99%.(4)Research on the optimization strategy of rural settlement layout.The spatial dislocation analysis method was used to superimpose the results of rural living circle and layout suitability evaluation,and four optimization types were identified:urban-suburban integration,agglomeration development,improvement and emigration.Among them,the largest area is the improvement category,accounting for 53.97%,followed by the agglomeration development category,accounting for 30.26%;again,suburban integration,accounting for 13.14%;The smallest area is the category of reduced emigration,accounting for 2.62%.Various measures such as rational planning,delineation of special indicators,and multi-channel land use can be adopted to optimize the layout of rural settlements.