Study On The Optimization Of Rural Residents Layout Based On Suitability Evaluation

Under the background of comprehensively promoting the strategy of rural revitalization in the new era,rural areas are facing new development opportunities and challenges.The contradiction between rural land use structure and ecological environment protection is increasingly prominent.As an important part of rural land use,strengthening scientific control and optimization adjustment of rural residential land has increasingly become the key content and key task of rural revitalization.In order to coordinate the relationship between the ecological security pattern and the sustainable development of rural settlements,this thesis conducts in-depth research based on the spatial layout and optimization of rural settlements.This thesis studies the logical main line of ’ layout status analysis-influencing factor analysis-suitability evaluation zoning-development type division-layout optimization strategy’.On this basis,Huaining County,which is located in the border area of mountain ecosystem and plain ecosystem,is taken as the research area.The spatial pattern of rural settlements in Huaining County is clarified from the aspects of spatial scale,agglomeration and morphology,and the influencing factors of spatial layout of rural settlements in Huaining County are explored.The index factors are selected from the three dimensions of ecological security,life convenience and production security to construct the suitability evaluation index system of rural settlements.Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model,the suitability zoning of rural settlements with multi-attribute integration of ecology,life and production is obtained,and the development types of rural settlements are explored according to the zoning results.Finally,relevant optimization strategies are proposed for each development type.The main conclusions of this thesis are as follows.(1)In terms of spatial scale characteristics,the number of rural settlements in each administrative village in Huaining County is unevenly distributed.On average,there are61.28 residential patches in each administrative village,and the scale is mainly small and medium-sized rural settlements.In terms of spatial agglomeration characteristics,the spatial distribution of rural settlements is relatively scattered,but there is a certain degree of agglomeration,forming a spatial pattern of ’ high nuclear density in the north and middle,low nuclear density in the south ’;in terms of landscape pattern characteristics,the overall difference in the average patch shape index of rural settlements is not obvious.Most of the rural settlements are stable patches,but the connectivity and agglomeration are general.(2)Through the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements,it can be seen that there is a significant correlation between the spatial distribution of rural settlements and elevation,slope,distance from water source,traffic convenience,urban radiation and other factors.On the whole,it shows a trend of agglomeration towards low elevation,gentle slope and near water source.It has obvious traffic and urban directivity,and the slope aspect factor has no obvious effect on its distribution.(3)The patch area of highly suitable,relatively suitable,generally suitable,critical suitable and unsuitable rural residential areas were 1980.88,2187.02,4186.39,2037.33,499.66 hectares,respectively.The overall spatial layout of rural settlements in the county basically meets the production and life of rural residents,but there are still a small number of rural settlements located in unsuitable areas,affecting the ecological stability of the region.(4)Based on the research results of suitability evaluation,the types of rural residential development in the county are defined as six types : urban development type,key development type,retention improvement type,limited expansion type,relocation and merger type,and characteristic development type.