Setting Of On-curb Parking Spaces In Large General Hospitals Based On Optimal Comprehensive Benefit

As an institution with the functions of diagnosis,treatment and first-aid in the city,the hospital has strong traffic attraction,complex structure of pre-hospital traffic flow,and serious traffic congestion often occurs in the peak period,which will affect the arrival of emergency vehicles.Large general hospitals have a large number of parking demand in front of the hospital.Most parking demanders are patients.They are more sensitive to walking distance.When the parking space in the hospital is full,the parking people will choose to park on the road in front of the hospital.The entry and exit of vehicles will delay the transit traffic flow.It also increases the conflict between motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles,which has a negative impact on the safety of non-motor vehicles.If there is no free parking space,some vehicles will cruise,which will aggravate the traffic congestion.Therefore,it is of great significance to set up reasonable parking spaces to maintain the smooth road in front of the hospital and reduce the delay of transit traffic flow.In this paper,the traffic characteristics of large general hospitals and curb parking are analyzed in detail.The pre-hospital traffic flow is divided into five categories,and their parking demand is analyzed.Then,the layout mode,advantages and disadvantages of parking belt are described in detail,and the specific impact of on-road parking on road traffic is elaborated.Next,the traffic participants of the pre-hospital parking system are divided into three categories: operators,irrelevant drivers and parking demanders.Considering the tripartite benefits,the objective function of parking system planning is established.Under the constraints of steady-state conditions,flow rate constraints,parking demand,service level and road space,the parking supply model based on optimal benefits is constructed,and the model is divided into short-term and long-term two types.After that the model is solved and the optimal parking rate and parking capacity are obtained when the marginal social cost equals to the marginal social benefit.Finally,this paper takes the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College as an example to verify the model under the conditions of variable short-term parking rate and variable number of long-term parking spaces.The results show that: in the short term,the comprehensive benefit can be increased by 65% and the driving speed of vehicles in front of the hospital can be promoted by 14% through the effective pricing of parking rate;in the long term,the comprehensive benefit can be improved by 85% by determining the parking rate according to the market situation and adjusting the number of parking spaces.