Study On Simulation And Optimization Of Emergency Rescue Plan For Fire Accident In Underground Shopping Mall

Underground shopping malls are the product of economic development and the performance of improving the utilization rate of land resources.However,because of its complex building structure,dense personnel,fewer entrances and exits and other factors,underground shopping malls have a greater fire hazard.At present most of the research for stores to the customer’s quick evacuation,the study of rescue plan also more is to consider how to rapid transport to the scene of the accident emergency rescue resources,and to the scene of the accident rescue research,therefore,this paper is to study the underground mall under a state of emergency accident emergency rescue plan path,rescue has guiding significance for staff.The main work of this paper is as follows:(1)The impact of the location of the safety exit and the store door on the rescue efficiency was studied,and the personnel attributes were added into the rescue simulation.Through comparative analysis,it was concluded that the optimal straight-line distance between the evacuation door and the nearest safety exit was 20 m ～30m.The location of the shop door is not the best location in the middle,but as close to the safety exit as possible,which provides a reference for the the layout of the building structure of the underground shopping mall.(2)Obstacles are classified for the first time according to their moving states as:fire source and spreading area obstacles,fixed obstacles and random obstacles.Through the study of the theoretical formula,the speed of flame spread and the safe distance of pedestrians from the flame spread area are obtained,which provides a certain basis for the fire environmental parameters.(3)Through the understanding of various algorithms suitable for path optimization,and according to the rescue process and the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm,the ultimate choice of the basic path algorithm is the ant colony algorithm.Aiming at the selection problem between multiple rescue points and multiple exits and entrances in rescue,exit selection rules are added,basic parameters of ant colony algorithm are modified,and a combination algorithm suitable for rescue path planning is obtained,which is compared and analyzed with the algorithm of Pathfinder software:Applying the optimized ant colony algorithm can reduce the rescue time and rescue path by 2.93%,which is of great significance to improve the rescue efficiency and reduce casualties.(4)Put the high temperature danger zone affected by the fire and in the fire produced by random obstacles set in relief model,through the matlab optimized algorithm is combined with improved rescue indicating device,simulated rescue simulation experiment,the results not only as the change of random obstacles,the generation of intelligent optimal relief path,provide reference for rescue path route,Moreover,it is more convergent than the traditional ant colony algorithm,and the calculated rescue path is smoother and the distance is effectively shortened by 4.17%.