| In this study,taking yak rumen microbial total DNA for the test material,using 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis technology to study the yaks rumen bacteria diversity of yak main producing areas nationwide.Then comparing them.Turn-based and compare Qinghai grazing yak rumen bacteria diversity to feeding yak rumen bacteria diversity.The results are as follows :This research adopts three kinds of methods to extract the yak rumen microbial total DNA,the results showed that three kinds of methods can extract Complete DNA fragment,and the DNA can meet the requirements of the follow-up tests,The optimal extraction method is Liquid nitrogen grinding-CTAB/SDS/ Proteinase K method(purity : 1.83,concentration: 99.1).Using Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene to analysis diversity of grazing yak rumen bacterial.The grazing yaks come from Henan country of Qinghai province,Datong country of Qinghai province,Gancha country of Qinghai province,Luqu country of Gansu province,Hongyuan country of Sichuan province,Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan province and Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bayingolin of Xinjiang province.The results showed that grazing yak rumen bacteria are mainly divided into two categories of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.The proportion that Firmicutes share is higher.Firmicutes proportion of different regions yak rumen in descending order is Henan country yak of Qinghai province(79.52%),Gancha country yak of Qinghai province(77.42%),Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture yak of Yunnan province(73.45%),Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bayingolin yak of Xinjiang province(69.52%),Datong country yak of Qinghai province(62.65%),Hongyuan country yak of Sichuan province(62.63%),Luqu country yak of Gansu province(61.95%).Bacteroidetes proportion of different regions yak rumen in descending order is Datong country yak of Qinghai province(28.92%),Hongyuan country yak of Sichuan province(27.27%),Luqu country yak of Gansu province(24.78%),Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture of Bayingolin yak of Xinjiang province(23.81%),Henan country yak of Qinghai province(19.27%),Gancha country yak of Qinghai province(15.05%),Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture yak of Yunnan province(15.04%).Further study found that grazing yak rumen fiber degrading bacteria mainly located at the Firmicutes(LGCGPB)category.Fiber degrading bacteria are the predominant flora of grazing yak rumen.The Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Ruminococcus flavefaciens are predominant flora of fiber degrading bacteria.We only find one Ruminococcus albus in the Gancha country yak rumen of Qinghai province,but we can’t find Ruminococcus albus in any other yak rumen of other areas.The last build the different regions yak rumen bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone library by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis technology.On this basis,comparing feeding and grazing yak rumen bacterial diversity,we can find that feeding yak rumen bacteria are mainly divided into two categories of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,too.The Grazing yak rumen Firmicutes proportion(79.52%)is higher than the feeding yak rumen Firmicutes proportion(62.79%).But The grazing yak rumen Bacteroidetes proportion(19.27%)is lower than the feeding yak rumen Bacteroidetes proportion(25.58%).The feeding yak rumen protein-degrading bacteria and starch-degrading bacteria are richer than the grazing yak rumen protein-degrading bacteria and starch-degrading bacteria. |
