Effects Of Colored Films On Main Pest Population Dynamics And Garlic Growth In Garlic Fields

Garlic is an important characteristic vegetable in China.Shandong province is one of the main garlic producing areas in China.They are seriously harmed by pests.In order to further improve the yield and quality of garlic,garlic planting patterns and cultivation techniques have been constantly improved.Film mulching has been widely used in a variety of crops and achieved good results.Transparent mulch is the most widely used.Colored film mulching has developed rapidly in recent years,but the different types of colored film muchling suitable for different crops and have different effects on the occurrence of different kinds of pests.This paper studied the effect of six different colored film muchiling for garlic on the occurrence of main garlic pests and garlic production.The purpose of this study was to screen out the colored film suitable for the application of garlic field in insect control and yield increase,so as to realize the green pest control in garlic field and provide theoretical basis and technical support for garlic quality improvement and yield increase.The main research results are as follows:1.The study evaluated the effects of six colors of films(special film,silver black,blue,green,black and transparent)on the occurrence of Neotoxoptera formosana and Thrips alliorum in autumn garlic field.It was found that covered with the special film muchling and silver black film muchling could significantly reduce the occurrence of N.formosana and T.alliorum.The blue film muchling and green film muchling significantly increased the numbers of N.formosana and T.alliorum.The black film muchling had no significant effect on the quantity of N.formosana and T.alliorum.Compared with the transparent film,the number of N.formosana in the garlic field covered with special film and silver black film decreased by 50.8% and 49.8% respectively,and the number of T.alliorum decreased by 58.3% and 52.2% respectively.The number of N.formosana covered with blue film and green film increased by 57.3% and 63.2% respectively,and the number of T.alliorum increased by 36.2% and 37.7% respectively.The effect of six colors of films on the occurrence of N.formosana and T.alliorum in spring garlic field was the same as that in autumn garlic field.2.The study evaluated the effects of six colors of films on the occurrence of Delia antiqua Meigen and Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang in autumn garlic field.It was found that compared with the transparent film,the special film muchling and silver black film muchling could significantly reduce the occurrence and damage degree of D.antiqua and B.odoriphaga.The influence of special film was more significant.The black film muchling significantly increased the numbers of B.odoriphaga,followed by the number of D.antigue.The blue film muchling and green film muchling significantly increased the numbers of D.antiqua,but had no significant effect on the quantity of B.odoriphaga.Compared with the transparent film,the number of D.antiqua in the garlic field covered with special film muchling and silver black film muchling decreased by 58.0% and 35.2% respectively,and the number of B.odoriphaga decreased by 60.8% and 46.8% respectively.The number of D.antigue and B.odoriphaga covered with black film muchling increased by 37.5% and 179.6% respectively.The number of D.antiqua increased by 143.2% and 114.8% respectively.The effect of six colors of films on the occurrence of B.odoriphaga in spring garlic field was the same as that in autumn garlic field.3.It was found that the difference in the selectivity of adult to garlic covered with different color film was one of the important reasons for the change of field population by the laboratory adult selection test.Covered with the special film muchling and silver black film muchling significantly reduce the selectivity of N.formosana,B.odoriphaga and D.antigue to garlic plant.Compared with the transparent film the selectivity of N.formosana decreased by 15.9% and 17.2% respectively,the selectivity of B.odoriphaga decreased by 61.9% and 63.7% respectively,the selectivity of D.antiqua decreased by 70.3% and 65.7% respectively.The blue film muchling significantly increased the selectivity of N.formosana and D.antigue to garlic plant.Compared with the transparent film the selectivity of N.formosana and D.antigue increased by 41.6% and 44.7%.The green film muchling significantly increased the selectivity of N.formosana.Compared with the transparent film increased by 33.5%,the black film muchling significantly increased the selectivity of B.odoriphaga.Compared with the transparent film increased by 20.1%.4.The study evaluated the effects of six colors of films on the growth and yield of garlic in garlic field.Compared with the transparent film covered with five kind of coloered film muchling,50% of the emergence time of autumn garlic field was delayed about 1d.The growth of garlic were investigated at the seedling stage,the flower bud differentiation stage and the garlic bolting extension stage.The results showed that the special film muchling and blue film muchling significantly promoted the growth of garlic.In the autumn garlic during bolting period,compared with the transparent film,the height,false stem rough and plant fresh weight covered with special film increased by 2.3%,11.9% and 9.5%,respectively.The false stem rough and plant fresh weight covered with blue film muchling increased by 3.0% and 7.8%,respectively.The black film muchling significantly inhibited the growth of garlic.In the autumn garlic during bolting period,compared with the transparent film,the height,false stem rough and Plant fresh weight covered with black film decreased by 26.2%,12.6% and 24.7%,respectively.In autumn garlic field,compared with the transparent film,special film muchling and blue film muchling significantly increased the yield of garlic,while black film muchling significantly reduced the yield of garlic,while silver black film muchling and green film muchling had no significant effect on the yield of garlic.Compared with the transparent film,the yield of the special film muchling and the blue film muchling increased by 17.5% and 18.9% respectively.Cover with black film to reduce production by 14.4%.In autumn garlic field,special film muchling,silver black film muchling and black film muchling increased garlic yield,while blue film muchling and green film muchling had no significant effect on garlic yield.Compared with transparent film,special film muchling,silver black film muchling and black film muchling increased by 6.9%,14.6% and 12.7%,respectively.5.Covered with silver black film,black film and special film can significantly inhibit the growth of weeds in garlic field.Compared with the transparent film,the number of weeds in autumn garlic field covered with silver black film,black film and special film decreased by 70.4%,67.6% and 66.2%,respe ctively.The number of weeds in spring garlic field covered with silver black film,black film and specialfilm decreased by 76.3%,72.7% and 66.5%,respectively.6.In the whole growth period of autumn garlic,compared with the transparent film,the average of soil temperature at the position of 5cm under the film was significantly increased by covering the special film and the blue film,while the soil temperature under the film of other three colors increased but did not reach the significant difference level.The special film and black film increased the soil moisture under the film by 5cm,while the green film decreased the soil moisture under the film by 5cm,reaching a significant difference at the seedling stage,the flower bud differentiation stage and the bulking stage.