Introduction Performance Of 10 Cerasus Humilis Varieties In Chengdu Area

Cerasus humilis is a kind of wild fruit tree with high application value,such as ornamental,edible and medicinal and the introduction of Cerasus humilis is more and more concerned by researchers.In this study,10 Cerasus humilis varieties introduced from the ecological nursery in Jiangxian of Shanxi Province were used as materials to study the phenological changes,growth status,flowering and fruiting status,fruit yield,dynamic growth of new shoots and fruits.fruit morphology and taste,fruit nutrient content,ornamental,compare the growth and quality of 10 Cerasus humilis varieties in Chengdu,comprehensively evaluate the fruit quality,and select suitable varieties.The varieties developed in the region are intended to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the introduction.The main results are as follows:1.Flowering and fruit ripening of the introduced Cerasus humilis are earlier than the introduction of the northern region,while the defoliation period is delayed.The growth of Cerasus humilis was mainly concentrated in the spring to summer period.The plant height and ground diameter of Nongda 7 were the best,104.80 cm,8.38 mm,respectively,and the crown growth of Lu 1 was the best,73.23 cm.The total branch length of Jingou 2 was the best,which was 303.12 cm.2.There was no significant difference in the number of flowers in the Cerasus humilis varieties.The number of young fruit of Nongda 7 was significantly higher than（P<0.05）except for Yanshan 2.The number of mature fruits of Nongda 7 and Yanshan 2 was significantly higher than that of other varieties（P<0.05）.The fruit set rate of Nongda 7 and Yanshan 2 was higher than that of other varieties（P<0.05）.The fruit yield of Nongda 7 was greater than that of other varieties（P<0.05）,which was 101.7172g·strain-1.Compared with the Cerasus humilis planted in the original place,the fruit yield introduced to Chengdu is lower.3.The rapid growth period of new shoots is from April 15 th to June 3rd,and then gradually slows down,and the growth is basically stopped until around mid-July.There are two growth peaks in the fruit growth of Cerasus humilis.The first growth peak is between April 8 and May 20,and the second growth peak is June 10 and july 15.The fruit shape index of Cerasus humilis has a decreasing trend,and the growth trend is first longitudinal growth and then lateral growth.4.The single fruit weight,transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter,edible rate,water content,soluble solids content,ratio of soluble solids content to titratable acid,soluble protein and vitamin C content of the fruit were 3.65 g,18.39 mm,17.61 mm,88.74%,77.65%,10.42%,6.23,26.32mg·g^-1,6.26mg·100g^-1,respectively.The average soluble sugar,titratable acid and soluble solid titratable acid ratio of the fruit were 3.81%,1.78% and 2.26,respectively,and titratable acid and soluble solid titratable acid ratio was small,which was consistent with the fruit flavor and the taste.The content of potassium,calcium,magnesium,sodium,zinc and iron in the fruit of Cerasus humilis was89.32mg·100g^-1,22.92mg·100g^-1,6.62mg·100g^-1,3.30mg·100g^-1,0.64mg·100g^-1,0.46mg·100g^-1.Compared with the country of origin,the quality of the fruit of the introduced Chengdu was decreased.5.There are different degrees of correlation between the quality indicators of Cerasus humilis fruit.There were significant correlations between single fruit weight and soluble protein,between edible rate and water account rate,between titratable acid and ratio of soluble solids content to titratable acid,soluble solid titratable acid ratio,between ratio of soluble solids content to titratable acid and soluble solid titratable acid ratio.6.The results of PCA showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 4principal components was 86.515%,and the eigenvalue was greater than 1.According to the eigenvector value of each quality index,the first principal component was determined ratio of soluble solids content to titratable acid,soluble solid titratable acid ratio,titratable acid,soluble protein,and the contribution rate was 50.126%.The second principal component was determined by fruit shape index,single fruit weight and the account rate was 16.028%.The size of the third principal component was mainly edible rate,and the contribution rate was 11.159%.The size of the fourth principal component was mainly determined by soluble suger and the contribution rate was 9.203%.7.Comprehensive evaluation model of Cerasus humilis fruit: F_{comprehensive} = 0.5794F₁+ 0.1852F₂ + 0.1290F₃ + 0.1063F₄.The order of fruit comprehensive quality of 9 Cerasus humilis varieties was Yanshan 2 >Nongda 7>Yanshan 1>Jingou1 > Lu 1> Neimengda >Mengyanzaohong > Lu 2> 16-8.8.In the area similar to the climate environment of Chengdu,the introduction of Cerasus humilis,Nongda 7 can be introduced into the fruit tree variety and the garden variety.Yanshan 2 and Yanshan 1 may be considered as economic varieties and foliage varieties.Lu 1 and Lu 2 can be introduced into excellent varieties of plant-shaped ornamental.The introduction of Neimengda and 16-8 in production should be carried out with appropriate management measures such as fertilization.In the selection of seeds for economic benefit,the introduction of Jingou 2 should be carefully considered,but it performs well in terms of plant growth status,and can be considered as a variety of plant-shaped ornamental and bonsai modeling.