| Tartary buckwheat is a small grain crop with high edible and medicinal value.China is a big producer of tartary buckwheat.In recent years,the requirements of high-quality tartary buckwheat varieties have been increasing in various countries in the processing of tartary buckwheat products.There is an urgent need to cultivate high-quality,high-yield fine varieties.Molecular marker technology can help breeders shorten the breeding period,and is one of the auxiliary methods for breeding new varieties with high yield,good quality and strong environmental adaptability.Compared with other DNA molecular markers,SSR markers have the advantages of high polymorphism,co-dominance,and the number of markers is large,so they are widely used in molecular marker-assisted breeding.In this study,106 tartary buckwheat germplasms from different sources and across a wide area were used as test materials.The field and yield traits were investigated from 2017 to 2019.Application of bioinformatics analysis software such as Strawberry Perl and fixed-length sequence programs for upstream and downstream of extraction sites develop SSR markers in tartary buckwheat genomes and design primers;polymorphisms of SSR markers in germplasm populations were identified using PCR amplification techniques,genetic information for markers was calculated using Power Marker 3.25,and population structure was analyzed using Structure 2.3.4;the general linear model and mixed linear model of Tassel 2.1 were used to analyze the correlation between SSR markers and 11 agronomic traits,and obtain candidate genes.The results are as follows:(1)There is a certain deviation between the 11 agronomic traits investigated in 2017-2019,and the coefficient of variation ranges from 8.06% to 55.97%;stem thickness,plant height,and number of main stem nodes have a strong positive correlation for three consecutive years,with a correlation coefficient of 0.30-0.69.There is a significant positive correlation between the number of side branches and stem thickness,plant height,and root length.Further analysis revealed that 106 germplasm resources were clustered into five major groups,and group Ⅰ showed excellent plant height,100-grain weight,flowering number,and rutin content;Group II has a large number of seeds and a high seed setting rate;the number of side branches,stem thickness,and root length are excellent traits in group III;the best traits in groups IV and Ⅴ are the main stem node number and yield per plant,respectively.(2)A total of 40,901 SSR sites were obtained from the whole buckwheat buckwheat sequence analysis,of which there were a maximum of 26,156 dinucleotide repeat units,accounting for 63.95% of the total number;8089 pairs of SSR primers were designed and selected using the principle of equal steps Synthesis of 1119 primer pairs;101 valid tags were detected,the maximum number of valid markers for chr1 is 20,the minimum number of valid markers for chr6 is 7,the polymorphism information content(PIC)of the marker is 0.43 to 0.56,and the average polymorphism is 0.48.The population structure analysis found that the relationship between 106 buckwheat populations was far,and they were divided into two groups.(3)Correlation analysis of SSR markers and agronomic traits,using GLM,MLM(K),and MLM(K + Q)models,a total of 4 SSR markers related to 100-grain weight were detected,and 2 were related to the number of main stem nodes SSR marker,1 SSR marker related to stem thickness.There are 2 markers related to 100-seed weight in chr1(SXAU1070,SXAU1120),and the marker SXAU1063 is related to the number of main stem nodes;SXAU4332 of chr4 is related to the number of main stem nodes and stem thickness.These markers look for candidate genes involved in the regulation of 100-grain weight of tartary buckwheat and the number of nodes in the main stem.In summary,the present study performed correlation analysis and cluster analysis on the main agronomic traits of the natural population of tartary buckwheat,and developed the whole genome SSR markers of tartary buckwheat,and the association analysis of main agronomic traits and SSR markers was used to find candidate genes involved in regulating agronomic traits,which provided basis for breeding varieties with good traits. |
PDF Full Text Request