Experimental Study On Irrigation Schedule Of Winter Wheat Under Drip Irrigation In Yarkant River Irrigation Area

Xinjiang is endowed with strong evaporation and scarcity of water resources,and the drip irrigation technology has been well developed and achieved great success in Xinjiang.Drip irrigation technology has been widely used for winter wheat in northern Xinjiang,whereas the only surface irrigation is still adopted as the basic irrigation method in southern Xinjiang.Therefore,this paper focuses on the breakthroughs of undeveloped winter wheat irrigation technology,low irrigation efficiency,imperfect drip irrigation schedule and other practical problems,and conducts the two-year experimental research on drip irrigation schedule of winter wheat in Yarkant River irrigation are.Moreover,this papers determines the field experiment of five different irrigation quotas including 300 m3/hm2、375 m3/hm2、450 m3/hm2、525 m3/hm2、600 m3/hm2(W1、W2、W3、W4、W5),observes the soil moisture,crop growth,crop yield and other indicators of winter wheat under drip irrigation,investigates the effects of different irrigation amounts on winter wheat growth and yield,and provides the reference for local winter wheat drip irrigation schedule.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In this area,the moisture content of varying-depth soils for winter wheat changes with the irrigation amount.The higher the irrigation amount,the higher the soil moisture content.Additionally,the moisture content of the surface soils of 0-20 cm depth presents the most significant fluctuation,while moisture content of the soils of 40-60 cm depth shows less dramatic variation.The field water consumption ET increased with the increase of irrigation quota.(2)The patterns of water consumption of winter wheat is:in 2015-2016,period of seedling establishment to shooting was 2.20 mm/d,period of shooting to heading was 4.62 mm/d,period of heading to postulation was 5.74 mm/d,period of postulation to maturation was 4.02 mm/d;in 2016-2017,period of seedling establishment to shooting was 1.77 mm/d,period of shooting to heading was 6.22 mm/d,period of heading to postulation was9.20 mm/d,period of postulation to maturation was 5.82 mm/d.(3)The effects of different irrigation quota on ear number,grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight of winter wheat were obvious.The panicle number and grain number of winter wheat increased gradually with the increase of irrigation quota,and the 1000-grain weight increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation quota.According to the analysis of yield and WUE,the yield in creased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation quota in 2015-2017.The yield of W3 treatment was the largest,which were 9048.3 kg/hm2、9687.3 kg/hm2.The WUE of W3 treatment in 2015-2016 was the largest,and WUE of W3 treatment in 2016-2017 was lower than it.Through the foregoing analysis,this paper establishes the W3 treatment as the optimal drip irrigation treatment for winter wheat in Yarkant River irrigation area,and when the irrigation quota was 450 m3/hm2 and the irrigation was adopted five times in the growth stage,the yield of winter wheat was the highest and the WUE was the best.