Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Several Wild Jujube Populations Based On SNP Markers In Ningxia

The germplasm resources and genetic diversity of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa are very rich.Genetic diversity of germplasm resources is the basis of species diversity and ecological diversity.However,as a native resource with high development and utilization value,there is a lack of profound understanding of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa resources seriously affects the protection,development and utilization of the germplasm resources.This paper is based on field investigation of wild jujube in Ningxia,collected 5 populations leaves and fruits as materials.Phenotypic trait,physiological and ecological indicators,fruit quality,and genetic diversity differences among populations were analyzed,A novel genomic and molecular marker SNP(single nucleotide polymorphism)technique was used,the genetic structure and evolutionary relationship of five wild jujube from Ningxia were revealed on the molecular level.It provides a theoretical basis for the scientific conservation and innovative utilization of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var spinosa germplasm resources.The main results are as follows:1.There were differences in genetic diversity among populations and various indicators.The average variability of phenotypic traits,fruit quality and leaf physiology was 4.46%,3.49%and 15.89%respectively.2.The ecological adaptability of 5 wild jujube population from strong to weak were Zhongning Niushoushan populations>Zhongwei Rizhaoshan populations>Helanshan Gunzhongkou populations>Lingwu Baijitan populations>Wuzhong Hongsibu populations.MDA content,soluble sugar content,fresh weight of leaves and SOD activity could be used as the main indexes to evaluate the ecological adaptability of wild jujube.3.Through the genetic diversity analysis of the phenotypes,physiological ecology and fruit quality indexes of various groups,The genetic diversity of the population from strong to weak were Zhongning Niushoushan populations>Zhongwei Rizhaoshan populations>Helanshan Gunzhongkou populations>Lingwu Baijitan populations>Wuzhong Hongsibu populations.4.The genetic characteristics of wild jujube population in Ningxia were evaluated by SNP markers.The geographical distribution can be divided into two main geographical groups(K=2),whicth represent the central and northwestern regions of Ningxia respectively.The central region includes WuzhongHongsipu populations,the north central region includes Zhongweirizhaoshan populations,Lingwubaijitan populations and Helanshangunzhongkou populations.When the genetic distance was 2.5,the 5 populations are divided into 3 categories,the first category is zhongweirizhaoshan populations and zhongningniushou populations,the second is the helangunzhongkou populations and lingwubaijitan populations,the third group is wuzhonghongsipu populations.The genetic relationship between the wild populations was that the Helanshangunzhongkou populations is more similar to the Lingwubaijitan populations while the Zhongweirizhaoshan populations and the Wuzhonghongsipu populations were separated into a single group.The genetic differentiation degree of Zhongweirizhaoshan populations and Lingwubaijitan populations was the highest,FST was 0.191,the lowest degree of differentiation was Helanshangunzhongkou populations and Lingwu baijitan populations,FST is 0.084,belong to medium differentiation.