The Impact Of Bama Pig Weight Gain And Loss On Blood Physiological And Biochemical Indicators As Well As Inflammatory Gene Expression

Because of the excessive energy intake from the diet,fat accumulates in the body,and the adipose tissue usually uses the expansion of the fat cell volume to relieve excessive lipid accumulation when dealing with high energy intake.When the lipid storage reaches saturation,the excess lipid is released.Fatty acids decompose and circulate in blood to other tissues to form ectopic fat deposition(non-adipose tissue lipid deposition),while fat cells themselves are accompanied by inflammatory effects,and adipose tissue releases a large number of pro-inflammatory factors,such as interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)that are well-known pro-inflammatory adipocytokines;lipoprotein lipase(LPL)and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase 2(LP-PLA2)that are closely related to lipid metabolism.These inflammatory factors can cause metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance,hyperlipemia and hypertension.In human medical research,obesity patients have abnormal biochemical indicators related to blood lipids,such as elevated total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein concentration,as well as reduced high-density lipoprotein that is beneficial to the body.However,the acquisition of human tissue is not easy.The physiological characteristics and fat distribution of rodents are different from those of humans.In order to clarify the changes of inflammatory effects for fat tissue after fattening,this study selected Bama pigs with similar physiological characteristics and consistent fat distribution.We used high-fat diet-induced method to construct the animal model of pig fattening,which provides an experimental basis for further exploring the changes of blood physiological,biochemical indexes and the inflammatory reaction of adipose tissue after fertilization,determining its 15 blood biochemical indicators(triglyceride,cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,etc.),and detecting changes in the expression levels of lipid metabolism and inflammatory response genes by RT-PCR.The main results of this study are as follows:(1)After 22 weeks of high-fat diet feeding,the weight of Bama pigs increased significantly(P < 0.01),and the phenotype was determined.The phenotypes of body-related traits were significantly different,such as body weight,obesity index(BMI),The difference in backfat thickness was extremely significant(P<0.01).(2)At the same time,the blood biochemical indexes of Bama pigs after fattening were measured.Compared to the control group,there were significant differences in blood physiological and biochemical indexes after long-term high-fat induction,such as triglyceride,total cholesterol and glutamyl.The transpeptidase activity increased significantly(P<0.01),and the triglyceride in the weight loss group decreased significantly.3)We further explored the correlation between blood physiological and biochemical indexes and body weight and body traits.We found that total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein and triglyceride in blood biochemical indicators were positively correlated with BMI,neck circumference and waist circumference(P <0.05).(4)The content of triglyceride in pig liver was determined by GPO-PAP enzymatic method.Compared to the control group,the content of triglyceride in the fattening group increased significantly,and the content of triglyceride decreased significantly after weight gain and weight loss.The content of triglycerides in the liver was positively correlated with the traits related to pig body weight and body size.(5)Quantitative detection of TNF-α,IL-6,LP-PLA2,LPL gene expression was performed in liver,pericardial fat,omental fat and subcutaneous subcutaneous superficial fat by q PCR.In the fertilization group,these gene were significantly up-regulated,and the level of gene expression was decreased in the weight-loss group.The above results indicated that: the weight gain of pigs induced by high fat leads to obesity and adipose tissue inflammation,a large release of pro-inflammatory factors,and dyslipidemia.The body fat metabolism in pigs can be assessed by waist circumference,neck circumference and BMI.